Department of Social Psychology, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein Allee 47, 89069 Ulm, Germany.
Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2022 Apr;44:94-99. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.08.036. Epub 2021 Sep 9.
The path from perspective-taking to prosocial behavior is not as straightforward or robust as it is often assumed to be. In some contexts, imagining the viewpoint of other person leads the perspective taker to thoughts about how that person might have negative thoughts or intentions toward them. It can also prompt other kinds of counter-productive egocentric projection. In this review, we consider how prosocial processes potentially stimulated by perspective-taking can be derailed in such contexts. We also identify methodological limitations in current (social-) psychological evidence for a causal link between perspective-taking and prosocial outcomes. Increased appreciation of factors moderating the path from perspective-taking to prosocial behavior can enhance the explanatory power of perspective-taking as social cognitive process.
从换位思考到亲社会行为的途径并不像人们通常认为的那样直接或稳健。在某些情况下，想象他人的观点会让换位思考者想到那个人可能对他们有负面的想法或意图。它也可能引发其他形式的适得其反的自我中心投射。在这篇综述中，我们考虑了在这种情况下，可能由换位思考引发的亲社会过程是如何脱轨的。我们还确定了当前（社会）心理学证据中存在的方法学限制，这些证据表明换位思考与亲社会结果之间存在因果关系。增加对调节从换位思考到亲社会行为途径的因素的认识，可以增强换位思考作为社会认知过程的解释力。
