Department of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu, India.
Mycoses. 2021 Dec;64(12):1489-1497. doi: 10.1111/myc.13378. Epub 2021 Oct 13.
A growing number of non-dermatophytic moulds and yeasts with the ability to act as human pathogens are reported every year. Dematiaceous fungi cause phaeohyphomycosis which encompasses a broad spectrum of diseases ranging from superficial (cutaneous and subcutaneous) to disseminated infections. Such fungal infections are responsible for causing significant morbidity and mortality, frequently in immunocompromised patients and rarely in immunocompetent patients.
To investigate the prevalence of cutaneous mycosis in Jammu district (India) and to isolate and identify the recovered causal agents from the affected skin of the patients.
For direct microscopy, 10% KOH was used. Skin samples were collected carefully from the affected areas of suspected patients, followed by the isolation and identification of the causal agents by cultural examination, morphological examination and ITS sequencing.
Herein, we report and describe three new cases of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis from District Jammu of Union Territory Jammu and Kashmir, India. The age of the patients under study ranged from 17 to 42 years and the duration of infection from 1 to 2 years. The etiological agents that were recovered from the patients under study were Alternaria alstromeriae, Epicoccum tritici and Phialemonium obovatum. These dematiaceous fungal species were isolated from the skin specimen of immunocompetent hosts.
Among the three isolated etiological agents, two (Alternaria alstromeriae, Epicoccum tritici) represent new global records and one (Phialemonium obovatum) new record to India as causal agents of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis. Careful microscopic and mycological examination form the basis of correct diagnosis of such fungal infections in the absence of simple and reliable laboratory tests (serologic or antigen tests).
每年都有越来越多具有人类病原体能力的非皮肤真菌和酵母被报道。暗色真菌引起暗色丝孢霉病，包括从浅表（皮肤和皮下）到播散性感染的广泛疾病谱。这些真菌感染导致发病率和死亡率显著增加，常发生于免疫功能低下的患者，偶尔发生于免疫功能正常的患者。
调查印度查谟地区（印度）的皮肤真菌病流行情况，并从患者受影响的皮肤中分离和鉴定回收的病原体。
直接显微镜检查使用 10% KOH。从疑似患者的受影响区域仔细采集皮肤样本，然后通过培养检查、形态学检查和 ITS 测序对病原体进行分离和鉴定。
在此，我们报告并描述了印度查谟和克什米尔联合领土查谟区的三例新的皮肤暗色丝孢霉病病例。研究对象的年龄从 17 岁到 42 岁不等，感染时间从 1 年到 2 年不等。从研究对象中回收的病原体是交替单端孢霉、麦角硫菌和尖孢拟盘多毛孢。这些暗色真菌从免疫功能正常宿主的皮肤标本中分离出来。
在所分离的三个病原体中，有两个（交替单端孢霉、麦角硫菌）是新的全球记录，有一个（尖孢拟盘多毛孢）是印度作为皮肤暗色丝孢霉病病原体的新记录。在缺乏简单可靠的实验室检测（血清学或抗原检测）的情况下，仔细的显微镜和真菌学检查是正确诊断此类真菌感染的基础。
