Vučić Domagoj, Bijelić Nikola, Rođak Edi, Rajc Jasmina, Dumenčić Boris, Belovari Tatjana, Mihić Damir, Selthofer-Relatić Kristina
Department for Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, General Hospital Doctor Josip Benčević, Slavonski Brod, Croatia.
Department for Histology and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, University Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
Clin Med Insights Cardiol. 2021 Sep 29;15:11795468211041330. doi: 10.1177/11795468211041330. eCollection 2021.
Visceral adipose tissue is an independent risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic coronary disease, arterial hypertension, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Right heart morphology often involves the presence of adipose tissue, which can be quantified by non-invasive imaging methods. The last decade brought a wealth of new insights into the function and morphology of adipose tissue, with great emphasis on its role in the pathogenesis of heart disease. Cardiac adipose tissue is involved in thermogenesis, mechanical protection of the heart and energy storage. However, it can also be an endocrine organ that synthesises numerous pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, the effect of which is accomplished by paracrine and vasocrine mechanisms. Visceral adipose tissue has several compartments that differ in their embryological origin and vascularisation. Deficiency of cardiac adipose tissue, often due to chronic pathological conditions such as oncological diseases or chronic infectious diseases, predicts increased mortality and morbidity. To date, knowledge about the influence of visceral adipose tissue on cardiac morphology is limited, especially the effect on the morphology of the right heart in a state of excess or deficient visceral adipose tissue.
内脏脂肪组织是动脉粥样硬化性冠心病、动脉高血压、糖尿病和代谢综合征发生发展的独立危险因素。右心形态常涉及脂肪组织的存在，可通过非侵入性成像方法对其进行量化。过去十年为脂肪组织的功能和形态带来了丰富的新见解，重点关注其在心脏病发病机制中的作用。心脏脂肪组织参与产热、心脏的机械保护和能量储存。然而，它也可以是一个内分泌器官，合成多种促炎和抗炎细胞因子，其作用通过旁分泌和血管分泌机制实现。内脏脂肪组织有几个在胚胎起源和血管化方面不同的隔室。心脏脂肪组织缺乏，通常由于诸如肿瘤疾病或慢性传染病等慢性病理状况，预示着死亡率和发病率的增加。迄今为止，关于内脏脂肪组织对心脏形态影响的知识有限，尤其是在内脏脂肪组织过多或缺乏状态下对右心形态的影响。
