Herman Rod A, Roper Jason M
Corteva Agriscience, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Corteva Agriscience, Newark, DE, United States.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021 Sep 17;9:747490. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.747490. eCollection 2021.
There continues to be an erroneous belief that allergens (especially food allergens) are more resistant to gastrointestinal digestion than non-allergens. Government regulations based on this erroneous belief may result in technology developers altering the amino acid sequences of digestively stable native proteins to create digestively unstable modified versions for expression in genetically engineered crops. However, an investigation where a known stable allergen was modified to make it more digestible eliminated the protein's ability to tolerize against allergy in a mouse model, which is consistent with the dual allergen exposure hypothesis. Thus, the false belief that digestive stability increases the allergenic risk of novel food proteins (e.g., such as expressed in genetically engineered crops) could, in some cases, lead to introduction of digestively unstable modified protein versions with greater sensitization risk. However, it is noteworthy that developers have historically been very effective at preventing allergens from being introduced into crops based on the other components of the weight-of-evidence assessment of allergenic risk such that no newly expressed protein in any commercialized genetically engineered crop has ever been documented to cause allergy in anyone.
人们仍然存在一种错误观念，即过敏原（尤其是食物过敏原）比非过敏原更能抵抗胃肠道消化。基于这种错误观念的政府法规可能会导致技术开发者改变消化稳定的天然蛋白质的氨基酸序列，以创造出消化不稳定的修饰版本，用于在转基因作物中表达。然而，一项研究将一种已知稳定的过敏原进行修饰使其更易消化，结果消除了该蛋白质在小鼠模型中诱导抗过敏的能力，这与双重过敏原暴露假说一致。因此，认为消化稳定性会增加新型食物蛋白质（例如转基因作物中表达的蛋白质）的致敏风险这一错误观念，在某些情况下可能会导致引入消化不稳定的修饰蛋白质版本，其致敏风险更高。然而，值得注意的是，基于致敏风险证据权重评估的其他因素，开发者在历史上一直非常有效地防止过敏原被引入作物，以至于在任何商业化转基因作物中，从未有新表达的蛋白质被记录会导致任何人过敏。
