Department of Pediatrics, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Center for Translational Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021 Nov 2;17(11):4675-4688. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1973881. Epub 2021 Oct 6.
is a bacterial pathogen capable of causing rapidly progressing illness from nonspecific symptoms to end-organ failure or death in a matter of hours to days. Despite the availability of meningococcal vaccines, there remains a notable disease incidence peak among individuals aged 18-19 years, with college students at increased risk for disease relative to non-college students. Between 2007 and 2017, as many as one in five colleges in the United States experienced an outbreak of meningococcal disease at their own or a nearby institution. Evidence-based strategies to promote meningococcal vaccination among students can be adapted for the college setting, but barriers exist that limit widespread implementation of these strategies by colleges. In this article, we review meningococcal disease characteristics and epidemiology among US college students, vaccination indications and coverage levels among US college students, as well as college vaccination policies and practices that can impact students' vaccine uptake.
脑膜炎奈瑟菌是一种细菌病原体，能够在数小时至数天内引起非特异性症状迅速进展为终末器官衰竭或死亡。尽管有脑膜炎球菌疫苗可用，但在 18-19 岁的人群中，仍有显著的疾病发病率高峰，与非大学生相比，大学生患病风险增加。在 2007 年至 2017 年期间，美国多达五分之一的学院在自己或附近的机构发生了脑膜炎球菌病爆发。可以针对大学生群体制定基于证据的脑膜炎球菌疫苗接种促进策略，但存在一些障碍限制了这些策略在高校中的广泛实施。在本文中，我们回顾了美国大学生中脑膜炎奈瑟菌病的特征和流行病学、美国大学生中疫苗接种的适应证和覆盖率，以及可能影响学生疫苗接种率的大学疫苗接种政策和实践。
