Martínez-Martínez María Isabel, Alegre-Martínez Antoni, Cauli Omar
Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Group (FROG), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, CEU Cardinal Herrera University. Avenida Seminario, s/n, 46113 Montcada, Valencia, Spain.
Toxicology. 2021 Nov;463:152980. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152980. Epub 2021 Oct 6.
Phthalates are chemicals widely used in packaging and consumer products, which have been shown to interfere with normal hormonal function and development in some human and animal studies. In recent decades, pregnant women's exposure to phthalates has been shown to alter the cognitive outcomes of their babies, and some studies have found delays in motor development.
electronic databases including PubMed/MEDLINE and Scopus were searched from their inception to March 2021, using the keywords "phthalate", "cognitive" and "motor".
most studies find statistically significant inverse relationships between maternal urinary phthalate concentration during pregnancy and subsequent outcomes in children's cognitive and motor scales, especially in boys rather than girls. However, many associations are not significant, and there were even positive associations, especially in the third trimester.
the relationship between exposure to phthalates during pregnancy and low results on neurocognitive scales is sufficiently clear to adopt policies to reduce exposure. Further studies are needed to analyze sex differences, coordination and motor scales, and phthalate levels during breastfeeding.
邻苯二甲酸盐是广泛用于包装和消费品中的化学物质，在一些人体和动物研究中已显示其会干扰正常的激素功能和发育。近几十年来，已证实孕妇接触邻苯二甲酸盐会改变其婴儿的认知结果，并且一些研究发现运动发育延迟。
检索包括PubMed/MEDLINE和Scopus在内的电子数据库，检索时间从建库至2021年3月，使用关键词“邻苯二甲酸盐”“认知”和“运动”。
大多数研究发现孕期母亲尿中邻苯二甲酸盐浓度与儿童认知和运动量表的后续结果之间存在统计学上显著的负相关关系，尤其是在男孩而非女孩中。然而，许多关联并不显著，甚至存在正相关，尤其是在孕晚期。
孕期接触邻苯二甲酸盐与神经认知量表得分低之间的关系足够明确，可采取政策减少接触。需要进一步研究来分析性别差异、协调性和运动量表，以及母乳喂养期间的邻苯二甲酸盐水平。
