Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2021 Oct 8;11(1):20063. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-99683-1.
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, previously named "Lactobacillus plantarum," is found in a wide variety of environments exhibiting a high level of intraspecies genetic diversity. To investigate the strain diversity, we performed comparative genomic analyses of the 54 complete genome sequences. The results revealed that L. plantarum subsp. plantarum was split into three lineages, A, B and C. Of the genes beneficial for probiotic activity, only those associated with the biosynthesis of plantaricin (Pln), an L. plantarum-specific bacteriocin, were found to be significantly different among the lineages. The genes related to the biosynthesis of plnE/F were conserved throughout the three lineages, whereas the outgroups did not possess any Pln-producing genes. In lineage C, the deepest and ancestral type branch, plnE/F genes, were well conserved. In lineage B, loss of gene function was observed due to mobile elements in the pln loci. In lineage A, most strains were predicted to produce more than one type of Pln by possessing diverse Pln-encoding genes. These results showed the presence of functional diversity arising from the trifurcating evolution in L. plantarum subsp. plantarum and demonstrated that Pln is an indicator for differentiating the three lineages.
植物乳杆菌，先前被命名为“植物乳酸杆菌”，存在于多种表现出高度种内遗传多样性的环境中。为了研究菌株多样性，我们对 54 个完整基因组序列进行了比较基因组分析。结果表明，植物乳杆菌亚种植物乳杆菌分为三个谱系，A、B 和 C。在对益生菌活性有益的基因中，只有与植物乳杆菌特异性细菌素 plantaricin（Pln）生物合成相关的基因在谱系中存在显著差异。plnE/F 生物合成相关基因在三个谱系中都得到了保守，而外群则没有任何产生 Pln 的基因。在谱系 C 中，最深和最原始的分支，plnE/F 基因，得到了很好的保守。在谱系 B 中，pln 基因座中的移动元件导致基因功能丧失。在谱系 A 中，大多数菌株由于拥有多样化的 Pln 编码基因而被预测能够产生多种类型的 Pln。这些结果表明，植物乳杆菌亚种植物乳杆菌的三分叉进化产生了功能多样性，并表明 Pln 是区分三个谱系的指标。
