Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, D Floor East Block, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby Road, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021 Oct 9;53(5):507. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02939-1.
Pooled samples are used in veterinary and human medicine as a cost-effective approach to monitor disease prevalence. Nonetheless, there is limited information on the effect of pooling on test performance, and research is required to determine the appropriate number of samples which can be pooled. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the use of pooled serum samples as a herd-level surveillance tool for infectious production-limiting diseases: bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD), infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) and Neospora caninum (NC), by investigating the maximum number of samples one can pool to identify one positive animal, using commercial antibody-detection ELISAs. Four positive field standards (PFS), one for each disease, were prepared by pooling highly positive herd-level samples diagnosed using commercially available ELISA tests. These PFS were used to simulate 18 pooled samples ranging from undiluted PFS to a dilution representing 1 positive in 1,000 animals using phosphate-buffered saline as diluent. A 1:10 dilution of the PFS resulted in positive results for IBR, BVD and EBL. Moreover, for IBR and BVD, results were still positive at 1:100 and 1:30 dilutions, respectively. However, for NC, a lower dilution (8:10) was required for a seropositive result. This study indicates that, at herd-level, the use of pooled serum is a useful strategy for monitoring infectious diseases (BVD, IBR and EBL) but not NC, using readily available diagnostic assays.
在兽医和人类医学中，汇集样本是一种经济有效的方法，可以用于监测疾病的流行情况。尽管如此，关于汇集对检测性能的影响的信息有限，需要进行研究以确定可以汇集的适当样本数量。因此，本研究旨在评估使用汇集的血清样本作为一种群体水平的传染性生产限制疾病（牛病毒性腹泻（BVD）、传染性牛鼻气管炎（IBR）、牛白血病（EBL）和新孢子虫（NC））的监测工具，通过调查使用商业抗体检测 ELISA 可以汇集的最大样本数量，以识别一个阳性动物。四个阳性现场标准品（PFS），每个疾病一个，通过汇集使用商业可用 ELISA 测试诊断的高度阳性群体水平样本来制备。这些 PFS 用于模拟 18 个汇集样本，范围从未稀释的 PFS 到稀释代表 1000 个动物中有 1 个阳性的稀释度，使用磷酸盐缓冲盐水作为稀释剂。PFS 的 1:10 稀释度导致 IBR、BVD 和 EBL 呈阳性结果。此外，对于 IBR 和 BVD，分别在 1:100 和 1:30 的稀释度下仍呈阳性结果。然而，对于 NC，需要更低的稀释度（8:10）才能获得阳性血清学结果。本研究表明，在群体水平上，使用汇集的血清是监测传染病（BVD、IBR 和 EBL）的一种有用策略，但对于 NC 则不是，因为它使用了现成的诊断检测方法。
