Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada.
GIGA Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Hum Nat. 2021 Dec;32(4):729-747. doi: 10.1007/s12110-021-09417-5. Epub 2021 Oct 9.
Research has found that both cisgender and transgender androphilic males (i.e., males sexually attracted to and aroused by other adult males) have female-typical occupational preferences when compared with gynephilic males (i.e., males sexually attracted to and aroused by adult females). Moreover, whereas cisgender androphilic males' occupational preferences tend to be intermediate between those of gynephilic men and androphilic women, transgender androphilic males tend to have occupational preferences that are more similar to androphilic women. No study has directly compared both types of androphilic males within the same culture. The present study investigated occupational preference and its relation to childhood sex-atypical behavior (CSAB), among gynephilic men (n = 208), androphilic women (n = 138), and cisgender (n = 132) and transgender (n = 129) androphilic males from the Istmo region of Oaxaca, Mexico, where androphilic males are recognized as third gender, muxes. The study found large sex differences in occupational preferences (d = 2.80). Furthermore, both cisgender muxe nguiiu (d = 2.36) and transgender muxe gunaa (d = 3.44) reported having more sex-atypical occupational preferences compared with men. However, muxe gunaa reported higher female-typical occupational preferences than women (d = 0.59) and muxe nguiiu (d = 0.57), whereas muxe nguiiu and women did not differ (d = 0.08). These findings are consistent with the conclusion that sex-atypical occupational preferences are a cross-culturally universal aspect of male androphilia. Finally, CSAB was associated with sex-atypical occupational preferences among all participants. These findings suggest that a developmental continuity exists between childhood and adulthood sex-atypicality.
研究发现，与女性恋男性（即对成年女性有性吸引和性唤起的男性）相比，顺性别男性恋男性（即对成年男性有性吸引和性唤起的男性）和跨性别男性恋男性（即对成年男性有性吸引和性唤起的男性）都具有女性典型的职业偏好。此外，虽然顺性别男性恋男性的职业偏好往往介于女性恋男性和男性恋女性之间，但跨性别男性恋男性的职业偏好往往更类似于男性恋女性。没有研究在同一文化中直接比较这两种男性恋男性。本研究调查了性偏好及其与童年性别非典型行为（CSAB）的关系，研究对象包括来自墨西哥瓦哈卡伊斯特莫地区的女性恋男性（n=208）、男性恋女性（n=138）、顺性别男性恋男性（n=132）和跨性别男性恋男性（n=129）。研究发现，职业偏好存在较大的性别差异（d=2.80）。此外，顺性别男性恋男性 muxee nguiiu（d=2.36）和跨性别男性恋男性 muxee gunaa（d=3.44）报告的性别非典型职业偏好都高于男性。然而，muxee gunaa 报告的女性典型职业偏好高于女性（d=0.59）和 muxee nguiiu（d=0.57），而 muxee nguiiu 和女性之间没有差异（d=0.08）。这些发现与性别非典型职业偏好是男性恋男性的一个跨文化普遍特征的结论一致。最后，CSAB 与所有参与者的性别非典型职业偏好相关。这些发现表明，儿童期和成年期的性别非典型性之间存在发展连续性。
