Grupo Regional de Investigación Participativa de los Pequeños Productores de la Costa Atlantica. Universidad de Córdoba, Carrera 6 No. 77- 305 Montería, Córdoba, Colombia.
Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2021 Nov;168:116-127. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.09.039. Epub 2021 Oct 2.
Salinity is a major issue affecting photosynthesis and crop production worldwide. High salinity induces both osmotic and ionic stress in plant tissues as a result of complex interactions among morphological, physiological, and biochemical processes. Salinity, in turn, can provoke inactivation of some enzymes in the Calvin-Benson cycle and therefore affect the fine adjustment of electron transport in photosystem I and carbon related reactions. Here, we used three contrasting Jatropha curcas genotypes namely CNPAE183 (considered tolerant to salinity), CNPAE218 (sensible), and JCAL171 (intermediate) to understand salinity responses. By performing a long-term (12 months) experiment in land conditions, we investigated distinct mechanisms used by J. curcas to cope with threatening salinity effects by analyzing gas exchange, mineral nutrition and metabolic responses. First, our results highlighted the plasticity of stomatal development and density in J. curcas under salt stress. It also demonstrated that the CNPAE183 presented higher salt-tolerance whereas CNPAE218 displayed a more sensitive salt-tolerance response. Our results also revealed that both tolerance and sensitivity to salinity were connected with an extensive metabolite reprogramming in the Calvin-Benson cycle and Tricarboxylic Acid cycle intermediates with significant changes in amino acids and organic acids. Collectively, these results indicate that the CNPAE183 and CNPAE218 genotypes demonstrated certain characteristics of salt-tolerant-like and salt-sensitive-like genotypes, respectively. Overall, our results highlight the significance of metabolites associated with salt responses and further provide a useful selection criterion in during screening for salt tolerance in J. curcas in breeding programmes.
盐度是影响全球光合作用和作物生产的主要问题。高盐度会导致植物组织中的渗透和离子胁迫，这是由于形态、生理和生化过程之间的复杂相互作用。反过来，盐度会引起卡尔文-本森循环中一些酶的失活，从而影响光系统 I 和与碳相关的反应中的电子传递的微调。在这里，我们使用了三个具有对比性的麻疯树基因型，即 CNPAE183（被认为对盐度具有耐受性）、CNPAE218（敏感）和 JCAL171（中间型），以了解盐度响应。通过在陆地条件下进行为期 12 个月的长期实验，我们通过分析气体交换、矿物质营养和代谢反应，研究了麻疯树应对威胁性盐度影响所使用的不同机制。首先，我们的结果突出了盐胁迫下麻疯树气孔发育和密度的可塑性。它还表明，CNPAE183 表现出更高的耐盐性，而 CNPAE218 则表现出更敏感的耐盐性反应。我们的结果还表明，耐盐性和敏感性都与卡尔文-本森循环和三羧酸循环中间产物的广泛代谢重编程有关，其中氨基酸和有机酸发生了显著变化。总的来说，这些结果表明，CNPAE183 和 CNPAE218 基因型分别表现出耐盐性和盐敏感性基因型的某些特征。总的来说，我们的研究结果强调了与盐度响应相关的代谢物的重要性，并为在麻疯树的选育计划中筛选耐盐性提供了有用的选择标准。
