Faculty of Medical and Paramedical Sciences, CEReSS 3279, Aix-Marseille University, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille, France.
Occupational Health Department, AP-HM, Timone Hospital, 264 rue St Pierre, 13385, Marseille cedex 05, France.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2022 Jan;95(1):259-273. doi: 10.1007/s00420-021-01782-z. Epub 2021 Oct 9.
Our objective was to assess burnout prevalence rates among physicians practicing in Europe (regardless of their specialty) taking into account the main approaches used to define burnout with the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) tool.
A systematic review was carried out from 2006 to 2018. A keyword request was obtained using the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Banque de Données en Santé Publique search engine. Studies written in English measuring burnout with the MBI tool among a population of practicing European physicians were selected. Data were extracted and classified according to burnout's definition provided by the authors. Three definitions using the MBI dimensions were considered: tri-, bi- and unidimensional definition. A meta-analysis was then performed on burnout prevalence rates according to the dimensional definition of burnout.
From 2378 search results, we selected 56 studies including from up to 41 European countries. Depending upon the study, physicians' burnout prevalence rates ranged from 2.5% to 72.0%. The pooled prevalence rate of burnout was estimated at 7.7% [5.3-10.4%] with the tridimensional definition, 19.7% [13.5-26.3%] with the bidimensional definition and 43.2% [29.0-57.6%] with the unidimensional definition.
Burnout pooled prevalence among physicians varies from single to fivefold depending on the method employed to assess burnout with the MBI tool. Medical community should determine a standardized method to assess burnout prevalence rates to best evaluate this phenomenon.
本研究旨在评估在欧洲执业的（无论其专业）医生的 burnout 患病率，同时考虑使用 Maslach 倦怠量表（MBI）工具来定义 burnout 的主要方法。
本研究进行了一项系统综述，检索时间为 2006 年至 2018 年。使用 PubMed/Medline、Web of Science 和 Banque de Données en Santé Publique 搜索引擎获取关键词请求。选择了使用 MBI 工具测量执业欧洲医生群体中 burnout 的英文研究。提取数据并根据作者提供的 burnout 定义进行分类。使用 MBI 维度考虑了三种定义：三、双和单维度定义。然后根据 burnout 的维度定义对 burnout 患病率进行荟萃分析。
从 2378 条搜索结果中，我们选择了 56 项研究，其中包括多达 41 个欧洲国家。根据研究的不同，医生的 burnout 患病率从 2.5%到 72.0%不等。采用三维度定义，burnout 的总患病率估计为 7.7%[5.3-10.4%]，采用双维度定义为 19.7%[13.5-26.3%]，采用单维度定义为 43.2%[29.0-57.6%]。
根据使用 MBI 工具评估 burnout 的方法不同，医生的 burnout 总患病率从单一患病率到五倍不等。医学界应确定评估 burnout 患病率的标准化方法，以最佳评估这种现象。
