Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an 710100, China.
Comput Math Methods Med. 2021 Sep 29;2021:9463577. doi: 10.1155/2021/9463577. eCollection 2021.
To investigate the effects of health education combined with dietary guidance on nutritional indicators, immune level, and quality of life of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
A total of 123 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who were hospitalized to our hospital between October 2019 and October 2020 were chosen for the study and were separated into 60 control cases and 63 observation cases based on the ward they were assigned to. Patients in the two groups were compared in terms of nutritional risk, nutritional indicator levels in serum, immunological function, treatment compliance, sputum culture conversion rate, and quality of life.
With the prolongation of patients' illness, the total NRS 2002 score gradually increased in both groups and the total NRS 2002 score of patients in the control group was higher than that of patients in the observation group at the same time point after discharge. The difference between the total NRS 2002 score of patients in both groups was significant at 3 and 6 months after discharge. After the intervention, the Hb, ALB, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ levels of patients in both groups were higher than those at the time of admission, and the CD8+ levels were lower than those at the time of admission. At 6 months after discharge, the Hb, ALB, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ levels of patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the CD8+ levels were significantly lower than those in the control group. The treatment compliance rate of patients in the observation group (96.83%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (75%), and the negative sputum culture transfer rate (85.71%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (60%). The overall quality of life scores of patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group.
Health education combined with dietary guidance for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis can deepen patients' understanding of disease and nutritional knowledge, improve treatment compliance, improve their nutritional status, enhance their immune function, accelerate sputum bacterial conversion, enhance treatment effect, and improve their quality of life.
探讨健康教育联合饮食指导对肺结核患者营养指标、免疫水平及生活质量的影响。
选取 2019 年 10 月至 2020 年 10 月我院收治的 123 例肺结核患者为研究对象，根据住院科室分为对照组（60 例）和观察组（63 例）。比较两组患者营养风险、血清营养指标水平、免疫功能、治疗依从性、痰培养转阴率及生活质量。
随着患者病情的延长，两组患者的总 NRS2002 评分逐渐升高，且出院后同时间点观察组患者的总 NRS2002 评分均低于对照组；两组患者的总 NRS2002 评分在出院后 3、6 个月比较差异均有统计学意义。干预后两组患者的 Hb、ALB、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平均高于入院时，CD8+水平均低于入院时；出院后 6 个月观察组患者的 Hb、ALB、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平均显著高于对照组，CD8+水平显著低于对照组。观察组患者的治疗依从率（96.83%）显著高于对照组（75%），阴性痰培养转阴率（85.71%）显著高于对照组（60%）。观察组患者的整体生活质量评分显著高于对照组。
健康教育联合饮食指导应用于肺结核患者，可加深患者对疾病及营养知识的认知，提高治疗依从性，改善其营养状况，增强免疫功能，加快痰菌转阴，增强治疗效果，提高其生活质量。
