Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA.
Clin Chem. 2021 Nov 26;67(12):1660-1675. doi: 10.1093/clinchem/hvab169.
Plasma phospholipid fatty acids (FAs) in early and mid-pregnancy have been prospectively related to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk. Yet, changes of FAs following GDM diagnosis and treatment and their implications for glucose metabolism and control remain understudied.
From the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Child Health and Human Development Fetal Growth Studies-Singleton Cohort of 2802 pregnant women, we ascertained 85 GDM cases using the Carpenter and Coustan criteria and 85 non-GDM controls after exclusion. Using plasma collected before (23-31 weeks) and after GDM diagnosis (33-39 weeks), we quantified 25 saturated, poly- and monounsaturated FAs levels. We estimated the fold change of FAs before and after GDM diagnosis, using multiple linear mixed models adjusting for confounders.
Eight FAs showed significant fold changes from the baseline values (23-31 weeks) among GDM cases as compared to women without GDM. Five FAs showed reduced fold changes [myristic acid (14:0): β: -0.22 (95% CI: -0.30, -0.14), palmitic acid (16:0): β: -0.02 (95% CI: -0.04, -0.01), cis-palmitoleic acid (16:1n7): β: -0.15 (95% CI: -0.24, -0.05), alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n3): β: -0.19 (95% CI: -0.31, -0.07], and dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid (20:3n6): β:-0.16; 95% CI: -0.21, -0.11)], whereas 3 showed increases [heptadecanoic acid (17:0): β: 0.17 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.22), cis-vaccenic acid (18:1n7): β: 0.06 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.10), and arachidonic acid (20:4n6): β: 0.10 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.13)].
Our study identified 8 FAs with unique patterns of change before and after GDM diagnosis that differed significantly between women with and without GDM. Our findings may shed light on the role of FA metabolism in the pathophysiology and disease management and progression of GDM.
NCT00912132.
妊娠早期和中期的血浆磷脂脂肪酸(FA)与妊娠糖尿病(GDM)风险呈前瞻性相关。然而,GDM 诊断和治疗后 FA 的变化及其对葡萄糖代谢和控制的影响仍研究不足。
我们从 Eunice Kennedy Shriver 国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所胎儿生长研究-单胎队列的 2802 名孕妇中,使用 Carpenter 和 Coustan 标准确定了 85 例 GDM 病例,并在排除后选择了 85 名非 GDM 对照。使用 GDM 诊断前(23-31 周)和诊断后(33-39 周)收集的血浆,我们定量了 25 种饱和、多不饱和和单不饱和 FA 的水平。我们使用多元线性混合模型调整混杂因素,估计了 GDM 病例与无 GDM 妇女相比 FA 在 GDM 诊断前后的折叠变化。
与无 GDM 妇女相比,8 种 FA 在 GDM 病例中从基线值(23-31 周)表现出显著的折叠变化。5 种 FA 的折叠变化较小[肉豆蔻酸(14:0):β:-0.22(95%CI:-0.30,-0.14),棕榈酸(16:0):β:-0.02(95%CI:-0.04,-0.01),顺式棕榈油酸(16:1n7):β:-0.15(95%CI:-0.24,-0.05),α-亚麻酸(18:3n3):β:-0.19(95%CI:-0.31,-0.07)],而 3 种 FA 增加[十七烷酸(17:0):β:0.17(95%CI:0.11,0.22),顺式-二十二碳烯酸(18:1n7):β:0.06(95%CI:0.03,0.10),和花生四烯酸(20:4n6):β:0.10(95%CI:0.06,0.13)]。
我们的研究确定了 8 种 FA,它们在 GDM 诊断前后具有独特的变化模式,在有和没有 GDM 的妇女之间有显著差异。我们的发现可能为 FA 代谢在 GDM 的病理生理学、疾病管理和进展中的作用提供了一些启示。
NCT00912132。