University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA.
Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Aggress Behav. 2022 Jan;48(1):55-74. doi: 10.1002/ab.21999. Epub 2021 Oct 10.
Rape arrests are higher in US states wherein residents more typically endorse honor values. Because honor values reflect an association between reputation and self-worth, which is based on one's ability to uphold traditional gender norms, one should expect that women who endorse honor values are motivated to conceal a sexual assault. However, honor values also engender the expectation that women defend their reputations if threatened. Thus, women from honor cultures should be more likely to seek retribution by disclosing a sexual assault to others. The current research investigates the impact of honor values on the recommendation to disclose a sexual assault when women believe the victim is motivated to protect her reputation. We evaluated the role of common post-rape emotions (shame, anger, and fear) on motivations to either conceal a "victim" status or to punish the transgression. In two studies, US women (total n = 842) responded to vignettes of sexual assault that varied the relationship of the perpetrator (acquaintance or husband). Using path modeling to test the two competing hypotheses, we found that women who endorsed honor values more strongly perceived that the victim of a sexual assault experienced more anger and fear, was more likely to seek retribution, and, in turn, were more likely to recommend that she disclose to confidants (similar across the acquaintance and husband scenarios). These findings may help increase researchers' and practitioners' cultural understanding of the help-seeking behavior of survivors of sexual assault across different communities.
在美国，那些居民更普遍认同荣誉价值观的州，强奸案的逮捕率更高。因为荣誉价值观反映了声誉和自我价值之间的联系，而这种联系是基于一个人维护传统性别规范的能力，所以人们应该预期，那些认同荣誉价值观的女性会有隐瞒性侵犯的动机。然而，荣誉价值观也会让人产生一种期望，即如果受到威胁，女性会捍卫自己的声誉。因此，来自荣誉文化的女性更有可能通过向他人披露性侵犯来寻求报复。目前的研究调查了荣誉价值观对女性认为受害者有动机保护自己声誉时披露性侵犯的建议的影响。我们评估了常见的强奸后情绪（羞耻、愤怒和恐惧）在隐瞒“受害者”身份或惩罚犯罪行为方面的动机的作用。在两项研究中，美国女性（总 n=842）对性侵犯的情景描述做出了回应，这些描述情景描述了施害者（熟人或丈夫）的关系。我们使用路径建模来检验两个相互竞争的假设，发现更强烈地认同荣誉价值观的女性更能感受到性侵犯受害者的愤怒和恐惧，更有可能寻求报复，进而更有可能建议她向知己披露（在熟人场景和丈夫场景中都相似）。这些发现可能有助于提高研究人员和实践者对不同社区性侵犯幸存者寻求帮助行为的文化理解。
