Lu Jintao, Gao Guohong, Liu Riping, Cheng Chen, Zhang Tao, Xu Zhiguang, Zhao Yan
College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
Jiangsu Guowang High-Technique Fiber Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215228, China.
Soft Matter. 2021 Nov 3;17(42):9653-9663. doi: 10.1039/d1sm00831e.
Macroporous materials templated using high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) are promising for various applications. To date, new strategies to create emulsion-templated porous materials and to tune their properties (especially wetting properties) are still highly required. Here, we report the fabrication of macroporous polymers from oil-in-water HIPEs, bereft of conventional monomers and crosslinking monomers, by simultaneous ring-opening polymerization and interface-catalyzed condensation, without heating or removal of oxygen. The resulting macroporous polymers showed drying condition-dependent wetting properties (, hydrophilicity-oleophilicity from freezing drying, hydrophilicity-oleophobicity from vacuum drying, and amphiphobicity from heat drying), densities (from 0.019 to 0.350 g cc), and compressive properties. Hydrophilic-oleophilic and amphiphobic porous polymers turned hydrophilic-oleophobic simply by heating and protonation, respectively. The hydrophilic-oleophobic porous polymers could remove a small amount of water from oil-water mixtures (including surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions) by selective absorption and could remove water-soluble dyes from oil-water mixtures. Moreover, the transition in wetting properties enabled the removal of water and dyes in a controlled manner. The feature that combines simply preparation, tunable wetting properties and densities, robust compression, high absorption capacity (rate) and controllable absorption makes the porous polymers to be excellent candidates for the removal of water and water-soluble dyes from oil-water mixtures.
使用高内相乳液（HIPE）模板化的大孔材料在各种应用中具有广阔前景。迄今为止，仍然迫切需要创造乳液模板化多孔材料并调节其性能（特别是润湿性）的新策略。在此，我们报道了通过同时开环聚合和界面催化缩合，在不加热或除氧的情况下，由水包油型HIPE制备大孔聚合物，该聚合物不含传统单体和交联单体。所得大孔聚合物表现出依赖干燥条件的润湿性（冷冻干燥得到亲水性-亲油性，真空干燥得到亲水性-疏油性，热干燥得到两疏性）、密度（0.019至0.350 g/cm³）和压缩性能。亲水性-亲油性和两疏性多孔聚合物分别通过加热和质子化可转变为亲水性-疏油性。亲水性-疏油性多孔聚合物可通过选择性吸收从油水混合物（包括表面活性剂稳定的油包水乳液）中去除少量水，并可从油水混合物中去除水溶性染料。此外，润湿性的转变使得能够以可控方式去除水和染料。简单的制备方法、可调节的润湿性和密度、强大的压缩性、高吸收容量（速率）以及可控吸收相结合的特性，使得多孔聚合物成为从油水混合物中去除水和水溶性染料的极佳候选材料。
