Chen Chen, Ding Wenjing, Li Jun, Geng Xuexia, Zhang Haijun, Sun Yuxuan
College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, China.
College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Oct 8:114730. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114730.
The bark of Quercus acutissima Carruth. (QA) has long been used by Chinese people to treat noncancerous growths and cancerous ailments. It was traditionally used by Chinese folk to inhibit tumor proliferation in cancerous treatment, but the specific mechanism remain to be elucidated.
Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women and the leading cause of mortality around the globe. This study investigated the anticancer activities of QA root extract and its regulatory pathways in two human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and SUM159).
Dried QA root barks were extracted by ethanol and used to treat human breast cancer MCF-7 and SUM159 cells with varying concentrations. The CCK-8 assay, Hoechst 33342 staining assay and wound healing assay were used to detect the cell proliferation, apoptotic cell morphology, and cell migration in each group, respectively. Caspase 3 activity assay kit was used to determine caspase 3 activity. Western blot was used to measure proteins expression level in apoptosis and autophagy pathways (Bcl-W, caspase 3, Beclin1, LC3 and Atg5).
CCK-8 assay showed that QA root extract significantly inhibited cell viability and proliferation in breast cancer cells by a hormone receptor independent manner. Cell wound healing assay indicated that it had high suppression ability on cell migration both in MCF-7 and SUM159 cells. QA root extract treatment induced the morphological and nuclear structural changes in breast cancer cells including rounded appearance and shrunken nucleus with several nuclear body fragments. Western blot indicated that QA root extract induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by up-regulating caspase 3 and down-regulating Bcl-W. Moreover, QA root extract up-regulated Beclin1 and Atg5, and activated LC3 in two human breast cancer cell lines.
QA root extract inhibited cell proliferation and migration in MCF-7 and SUM159 cells, and it also induced cell morphology changes and regulated mitochondria-mediated apoptotic cell death and autophagic cell death.
麻栎（QA）的树皮长期以来被中国人用于治疗非癌性肿瘤和癌症疾病。中国民间传统上使用它在癌症治疗中抑制肿瘤增殖，但其具体机制仍有待阐明。
乳腺癌是女性中最常见的癌症形式，也是全球主要的死亡原因。本研究调查了QA根提取物在两种人乳腺癌细胞系（MCF-7和SUM159）中的抗癌活性及其调控途径。
将干燥的QA根皮用乙醇提取，并用于处理不同浓度的人乳腺癌MCF-7和SUM159细胞。分别使用CCK-8测定法、Hoechst 33342染色测定法和伤口愈合测定法检测每组中的细胞增殖、凋亡细胞形态和细胞迁移。使用半胱天冬酶3活性测定试剂盒测定半胱天冬酶3活性。采用蛋白质免疫印迹法检测凋亡和自噬途径（Bcl-W、半胱天冬酶3、Beclin1、LC3和Atg5）中的蛋白质表达水平。
CCK-8测定表明，QA根提取物以激素受体非依赖性方式显著抑制乳腺癌细胞的活力和增殖。细胞伤口愈合测定表明，它对MCF-7和SUM159细胞中的细胞迁移均具有高度抑制能力。QA根提取物处理诱导了乳腺癌细胞的形态和核结构变化，包括细胞呈圆形外观、细胞核缩小并伴有多个核体碎片。蛋白质免疫印迹法表明，QA根提取物通过上调半胱天冬酶3和下调Bcl-W诱导线粒体介导的凋亡。此外，QA根提取物上调了Beclin1和Atg5，并在两种人乳腺癌细胞系中激活了LC3。
QA根提取物抑制MCF-7和SUM159细胞的增殖和迁移，还诱导细胞形态变化，并调节线粒体介导的凋亡性细胞死亡和自噬性细胞死亡。
