College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723001, China; Qinba Mountains of Bio-Resource Collaborative Innovation Center of Southern Shaanxi province, 723001, Hanzhong, China; Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Catalytic Foundation and Application, 723001 Hanzhong, China.
College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, 723001, China.
Environ Res. 2022 May 1;207:112174. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112174. Epub 2021 Oct 9.
Taking the soil around the lead-zinc tailings pound in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River in Shaanxi Province as the research object, with tailings pond as the center, seven different belt zones were divided outwards, the contents of Pb, Cu, Zn, V, Ni, Cd in soil were analyzed, as well as soil basic respiration (SBR), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial metabolic quotient (MMQ), and the activities of catalase, urease, cellulase, invertase and neutral phosphatase were also determined. The purpose was to reveal the intrinsic relationship between soil microbial, enzyme activities and heavy metal pollution, and to establish the characterization system of enzyme activities, soil heavy metal pollution degree, as well as microbial parameters. The results showed that: (1) The potential ecological risk index of six heavy metals was ranked as Cd > Cu > Pb > Ni > Zn > V. Cd was a high potential ecological risk, Cu was a medium potential ecological risk, and Zn, Pb, V and Ni were low potential ecological risk. The comprehensive evaluation result of Hakanson's potential ecological hazard index showed that, Zone I was of high potential risk level, Zone II, III and IV were of medium risk level, and Zone V, VI and VII were of low level. (2) Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) had a significant negative correlation or extremely significant negative correlation with 6 heavy metals, and microbial metabolic quotient (MMQ) had a significant positive correlation or extremely significant positive correlation with 6 heavy metals. MBC and MMQ were effective microbiological indexes to measure the quality status of soil, while SBR was not. (3) Catalase, cellulase, sucrase and neutral phosphatase activity had significant negative correlation with the contents of 6 heavy metals, and they could replicate the pollution degree of substantial metals in the soil. However, urease had no significant correlation with the contents of 6 heavy metals, which could not reflect the pollution degree of soil heavy metals.
以陕西省汉江上流地区铅锌尾矿堆周围土壤为研究对象，以尾矿库为中心，向外划分了 7 个不同的带区，分析了土壤中 Pb、Cu、Zn、V、Ni、Cd 的含量，以及土壤基础呼吸（SBR）、微生物生物量碳（MBC）、微生物代谢商（MMQ）和过氧化氢酶、脲酶、纤维素酶、转化酶和中性磷酸酶的活性。目的是揭示土壤微生物、酶活性与重金属污染之间的内在关系，并建立酶活性、土壤重金属污染程度和微生物参数的特征化系统。结果表明：（1）六种重金属的潜在生态风险指数排序为 Cd>Cu>Pb>Ni>Zn>V。Cd 为高潜在生态风险，Cu 为中潜在生态风险，Zn、Pb、V 和 Ni 为低潜在生态风险。Hakanson 潜在生态危害指数的综合评价结果表明，区 I 为高潜在风险水平，区 II、III 和 IV 为中风险水平，区 V、VI 和 VII 为低水平。（2）微生物生物量碳（MBC）与 6 种重金属呈显著负相关或极显著负相关，微生物代谢商（MMQ）与 6 种重金属呈显著正相关或极显著正相关。MBC 和 MMQ 是衡量土壤质量状况的有效微生物指标，而 SBR 则不是。（3）过氧化氢酶、纤维素酶、蔗糖酶和中性磷酸酶活性与 6 种重金属含量呈显著负相关，能复制土壤中重金属的污染程度。然而，脲酶与 6 种重金属含量无显著相关性，不能反映土壤重金属的污染程度。
