Architectural Psychology and Health, Faculty of Architecture, Technical University of Munich, Arcisstrasse 21, 80333 Munich, Germany.
Kopvol architecture & psychology, Mathenesserdijk 396, GV3026 Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 23;18(19):9993. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18199993.
Children with cancer are frequently hospitalized during diagnosis and treatment. Since the early 1980s, parents are co-admitted because their presence positively affects children's adjustment to hospitalization and reduces post-traumatic stress. However, the size and overall architectural design of the rooms were never adapted to the doubling of the occupancy rate. Since studies show that many parents experience high levels of distress due to their child's illness, the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the architecture of the aged patient rooms on parental distress. A video observation targeted parent-child interaction related to five architectural determinants: (a) function and place of interaction, (b) distance between parent and child, (c) used space, (d) withdrawal, and (e) duration of the interaction. A total of 22 families were included in two Dutch children's hospitals. Results show a significant association between parental distress and three architectural determinants: The less anxious the parents were and the better they estimated their child's well-being, the more distance they created between themselves and their child, and the more space, privacy, and withdrawal options were used. These findings are discussed within a new patient room typology, the parent-child patient unit (PCPU), which reacts to the evident association of parental distress and the design.
儿童癌症患者在诊断和治疗期间经常住院。自 20 世纪 80 年代初以来，父母会一同住院，因为他们的存在可以积极影响儿童对住院的适应能力，并降低创伤后应激。然而，病房的大小和整体建筑设计从未适应入住率的翻倍。由于研究表明，许多父母因孩子的疾病而感到高度痛苦，因此本研究旨在调查老年患者病房的建筑对父母痛苦的影响。视频观察针对与五个建筑决定因素相关的亲子互动：（a）互动的功能和场所，（b）父母和孩子之间的距离，（c）使用空间，（d）撤退，以及（e）互动的持续时间。共有 22 个家庭被纳入荷兰的两家儿童医院。结果表明，父母的痛苦与三个建筑决定因素之间存在显著关联：父母越不焦虑，对孩子的幸福感评价越高，他们与孩子之间的距离就越大，使用的空间、隐私和撤退选择就越多。这些发现是在新的病房类型学中讨论的，即亲子患者单元（PCPU），它对父母痛苦和设计之间的明显关联做出了反应。
