直接激光沉积制备的因科镍合金625/AISI 413不锈钢功能梯度材料

Inconel 625/AISI 413 Stainless Steel Functionally Graded Material Produced by Direct Laser Deposition.

作者信息

Ferreira André Alves, Emadinia Omid, Cruz João Manuel, Reis Ana Rosanete, Vieira Manuel Fernando

机构信息

Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.

LAETA/INEGI-Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2021 Sep 26;14(19):5595. doi: 10.3390/ma14195595.

DOI:10.3390/ma14195595

PMID:34639993

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8509469/

Abstract

Functionally graded material (FGM) based on Inconel 625 and AISI 431 stainless steel powders was produced by applying the direct laser deposition (DLD) process. The FGM starts with layers of Inconel 625 and ends with layers of 431 stainless steel having three intermediate zones with the composition (100-X)% Inconel 625-X% 431 stainless steel, X = 25, 50, and 75, in that order. This FGM was deposited on a 42CrMo4 steel substrate, with and without preheating. Microstructures of these FGMs were evaluated, while considering the distribution of chemical composition and grain structure. Microstructures mainly consisted of columnar grains independent of preheating condition; epitaxial growth was observed. The application of a non-preheated substrate caused the formation of planar grains in the vicinity of the substrate. In addition, hardness maps were produced. The hardness distribution across these FGMs confirmed a smooth transition between deposited layers; however, the heat-affected zone was greatly influenced by the preheating condition. This study suggests that an optimum Inconel 625/AISI 431 FGM obtained by DLD should not exceed 50% AISI 431 stainless steel.

摘要

采用直接激光沉积（DLD）工艺制备了基于因科镍合金625和AISI 431不锈钢粉末的功能梯度材料（FGM）。该功能梯度材料以因科镍合金625层开始，以431不锈钢层结束，中间有三个成分依次为（100-X）%因科镍合金625-X% 431不锈钢的中间区域，X = 25、50和75。这种功能梯度材料沉积在42CrMo4钢基体上，有预热和无预热两种情况。在考虑化学成分和晶粒结构分布的同时，对这些功能梯度材料的微观结构进行了评估。微观结构主要由柱状晶粒组成，与预热条件无关；观察到外延生长。在未预热的基体上会在基体附近形成平面晶粒。此外，还制作了硬度图。这些功能梯度材料上的硬度分布证实了沉积层之间的平滑过渡；然而，热影响区受预热条件的影响很大。本研究表明，通过直接激光沉积获得的最佳因科镍合金625/AISI 431功能梯度材料中AISI 431不锈钢的含量不应超过50%。