Wenger Antonia, Calabrese Pasquale
Neuropsychology and Behavioral Neurology Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Transfacultary Platform Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Basel, 4055 Basel, Switzerland.
J Integr Neurosci. 2021 Sep 30;20(3):765-776. doi: 10.31083/j.jin2003081.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) are common, chronic, autoimmune diseases affecting many people worldwide. While clinically very different in their phenotype, both diseases are thought to have an autoimmune-mediated origin. MS and RA share genetic similarities, and in both diseases, antibodies against host antigens can be found. Aside from the well-known somatic symptoms, many RA patients also show signs and symptoms of psychiatric illnesses, of which depression is the most common diagnosis. In this commentary, both diseases will be introduced and briefly characterized individually and then compared. Depression will be introduced as one of the most frequent psychiatric diseases in the general population. This paper focuses on presenting the possible causes, including psychosocial factors, genetics, and immunologic mechanisms. Hypotheses aimed to explain the higher incidence of depression in these two seemingly different autoimmune diseases will be discussed.
多发性硬化症（MS）和类风湿性关节炎（RA）是常见的慢性自身免疫性疾病，影响着全球许多人。虽然这两种疾病在临床表现上有很大差异，但都被认为起源于自身免疫介导。MS和RA存在遗传相似性，并且在这两种疾病中都能发现针对宿主抗原的抗体。除了众所周知的躯体症状外，许多类风湿性关节炎患者还表现出精神疾病的症状和体征，其中抑郁症是最常见的诊断。在这篇评论中，将分别介绍这两种疾病并简要描述其特征，然后进行比较。抑郁症将作为普通人群中最常见的精神疾病之一进行介绍，并重点阐述包括心理社会因素、遗传学和免疫机制在内的可能病因，同时还将讨论旨在解释这两种看似不同的自身免疫性疾病中抑郁症发病率较高的假说。
