University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, 145793Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2022 Nov;59(11):1361-1370. doi: 10.1177/10556656211043739. Epub 2021 Oct 14.
Positional plagiocephaly and/or brachycephaly (PPB) is associated with cognition, motor, and other developmental outcomes, but little is known about the social-behavioral adjustment of children with PPB. The primary aim of this study was to compare the social-behavioral development of preschool and school-age children with and without PPB and to examine the potential moderating effects of PPB severity on group differences. Two hundred twenty children with a history of PPB and 164 controls participated in at least one behavioral assessment at 4-11 months, 18 months, 36 months, and 7 years. The frequencies of observed problem behaviors and social competence were estimated using the , , , and . Children with PPB were similar to controls on the internalizing, externalizing, or total problems composites. At 7 years, CBCL/6-18 total competence scores were significantly lower in children with histories of PPB than controls. In analyses stratified by PPB severity, we found that children with moderate/severe PPB had slightly higher scores on the C-TRF internalizing scale at 36 months and lower total competence scores at age 7 years. Children who had a history of mild PPB were similar to controls on all outcomes. This study is the first to examine social and behavioral outcomes in a large cohort of children with and without a history of PPB. We found limited evidence of an association between PPB and parent and teacher-reported social-emotional and behavioral adjustment through early school-age.
姿势性斜头畸形和/或扁头畸形（PPB）与认知、运动和其他发育结果有关，但对于 PPB 儿童的社会行为适应情况知之甚少。本研究的主要目的是比较有和无 PPB 的学龄前和学龄儿童的社会行为发展，并探讨 PPB 严重程度对组间差异的潜在调节作用。220 名有 PPB 病史的儿童和 164 名对照儿童至少在 4-11 个月、18 个月、36 个月和 7 岁时接受了一次以上的行为评估。使用 、 、 和 评估观察到的问题行为和社会能力的频率。PPB 儿童在内部问题、外部问题或总问题综合得分上与对照组相似。在 7 岁时，PPB 病史儿童的 CBCL/6-18 总能力得分明显低于对照组。在按 PPB 严重程度分层的分析中，我们发现 36 个月时患有中重度 PPB 的儿童在 C-TRF 内部量表上的得分略高，而在 7 岁时总能力得分较低。患有轻度 PPB 病史的儿童在所有结果上与对照组相似。这项研究是首次在有和无 PPB 病史的大样本儿童中检查社会和行为结果。我们发现，通过早期学龄期，PPB 与父母和教师报告的社会情感和行为适应之间的关联证据有限。
