China Basketball College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2021 Oct;61(10):1333-1338. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.11752-3.
The aim of the study is to compare a 16-week tai chi and Iyengar yoga program effects on muscle strength, static and dynamic balance, and balance confidence in elderly people.
A total of 48 participants (≥60 years old) without mobility-impairing neurological disease, dementia, cardiovascular disease/symptoms during moderate exercise, poorly controlled hypertension, or balance-impairing drug use. Participants were divided into a tai chi group, an Iyengar yoga group, and a control group (eight males and eight females per group), using a restricted randomization scheme generated by software. While the former two undertook 16-week exercise programs, the control group received general education. Maximum concentric strength was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. The one-legged stand with eyes closed, "8 feet up and go," and Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale were used to assess static balance, dynamic balance, and balance confidence in daily activities, respectively.
Both programs improved all measures significantly with tai chi being more effective for increasing knee flexor strength (P=0.045) and extensor strength (P=0.032) and ABC score (P=0.034); Iyengar yoga was more effective for improving static balance (P=0.014) and dynamic balance (P=0.025; all P values here vs. the other program).
Tai chi and Iyengar yoga can improve strength, balance, and balance confidence among older people. Both are suitable exercise choices for older adults.
本研究旨在比较 16 周的太极拳和艾扬格瑜伽对老年人肌肉力量、静态和动态平衡以及平衡信心的影响。
共有 48 名参与者（年龄≥60 岁）没有运动障碍性神经疾病、痴呆、中度运动时心血管疾病/症状、未得到良好控制的高血压或影响平衡的药物使用。参与者采用软件生成的受限随机分组方案分为太极拳组、艾扬格瑜伽组和对照组（每组 8 名男性和 8 名女性）。前两组进行 16 周的锻炼计划，对照组接受一般教育。使用等速测力计测量最大向心力量。闭眼单腿站立、“8 英尺上和走”和活动特异性平衡信心（ABC）量表分别用于评估静态平衡、动态平衡和日常活动中的平衡信心。
两个方案均显著改善了所有测量指标，其中太极拳在增加膝关节屈肌力量（P=0.045）和伸肌力量（P=0.032）以及 ABC 评分（P=0.034）方面更有效；艾扬格瑜伽在改善静态平衡（P=0.014）和动态平衡（P=0.025；所有 P 值均与另一个方案相比）方面更有效。
太极拳和艾扬格瑜伽可以改善老年人的力量、平衡和平衡信心。两者都是适合老年人的运动选择。
