Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School, Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Brunswiker Str. 10, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
Chem Biol Interact. 2021 Dec 1;350:109685. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109685. Epub 2021 Oct 12.
The increasing levels of estrogens and pollution by other steroids pose considerable challenges to the environment. In this study, the genome of Gordonia polyisoprenivorans strain R9, one of the most effective 17 beta-estradiol- and steroid-degrading bacteria, was sequenced and annotated. The circular chromosome of G. polyisoprenivorans R9 was 6,033,879 bp in size, with an average GC content of 66.91%. More so, 5213 putative protein-coding sequences, 9 rRNA, 49 tRNA, and 3 sRNA genes were predicted. The core-pan gene evolutionary tree for the genus Gordonia showed that G. polyisoprenivorans R9 is clustered with G. polyisoprenivorans VH2 and G. polyisoprenivorans C, with 93.75% and 93.8% similarity to these two strains, respectively. Altogether, the three G. polyisoprenivorans strains contained 3890 core gene clusters. Strain R9 contained 785 specific gene clusters, while 501 and 474 specific gene clusters were identified in strains VH2 and C, respectively. Furthermore, whole genome analysis revealed the existence of the steroids and estrogens degradation pathway in the core genome of all three G. polyisoprenivorans strains, although the G. polyisoprenivorans R9 genome contained more specific estrogen and steroid degradation genes. In strain R9, 207 ABC transporters, 95 short-chain dehydrogenases (SDRs), 26 monooxygenases, 21 dioxygenases, 7 aromatic ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases, and 3 CoA esters were identified, and these are very important for estrogen and steroid transport, and degradation. The results of this study could enhance our understanding of the role of G. polyisoprenivorans R9 in estradiol and steroid degradation as well as evolution within the G. polyisoprenivorans species.
雌激素和其他类固醇的污染水平不断上升，这给环境带来了相当大的挑战。在这项研究中，测序并注释了最有效的 17β-雌二醇和类固醇降解细菌之一 Gordonia polyisoprenivorans 菌株 R9 的基因组。G. polyisoprenivorans R9 的环状染色体大小为 6,033,879bp，平均 GC 含量为 66.91%。此外，预测了 5213 个可能的蛋白质编码序列、9 个 rRNA、49 个 tRNA 和 3 个 sRNA 基因。Gordonia 属的核心-pan 基因进化树表明，G. polyisoprenivorans R9 与 G. polyisoprenivorans VH2 和 G. polyisoprenivorans C 聚类，与这两个菌株的相似度分别为 93.75%和 93.8%。总的来说，这三株 G. polyisoprenivorans 菌株含有 3890 个核心基因簇。菌株 R9 含有 785 个特有基因簇，而菌株 VH2 和 C 分别含有 501 和 474 个特有基因簇。此外，全基因组分析表明，所有三株 G. polyisoprenivorans 菌株的核心基因组中都存在类固醇和雌激素降解途径，尽管 G. polyisoprenivorans R9 基因组中含有更多特定的雌激素和类固醇降解基因。在菌株 R9 中，鉴定出 207 个 ABC 转运蛋白、95 个短链脱氢酶（SDRs）、26 个单加氧酶、21 个双加氧酶、7 个芳香环羟化双加氧酶和 3 个 CoA 酯，这些对雌激素和类固醇的运输和降解非常重要。本研究的结果可以增进我们对 G. polyisoprenivorans R9 在雌二醇和类固醇降解以及 G. polyisoprenivorans 种内进化中的作用的理解。
