Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
BJOG. 2022 Jan;129(1):101-109. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.16969. Epub 2021 Nov 1.
To compare the risk of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and contact with specialist healthcare services for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between pregnant and non-pregnant women.
All women ages 15-45 living in Norway on 1 March 2020 (n = 1 033 699).
We linked information from the national birth, patient, communicable diseases and education databases using unique national identifiers.
We estimated hazard ratios (HR) among pregnant compared to non-pregnant women of having a positive test for SARS-CoV-2, a diagnosis of COVID-19 in specialist healthcare, or hospitalisation with COVID-19 using Cox regression. Multivariable analyses adjusted for age, marital status, education, income, country of birth and underlying medical conditions.
Pregnant women were not more likely to be tested for or to a have a positive SARS-CoV-2 test (adjusted HR 0.99; 95% CI 0.92-1.07). Pregnant women had higher risk of hospitalisation with COVID-19 (HR 4.70, 95% CI 3.51-6.30) and any type of specialist care for COVID-19 (HR 3.46, 95% CI 2.89-4.14). Pregnant women born outside Scandinavia were less likely to be tested, and at higher risk of a positive test (HR 2.37, 95% CI 2.51-8.87). Compared with pregnant Scandinavian-born women, pregnant women with minority background had a higher risk of hospitalisation with COVID-19 (HR 4.72, 95% CI 2.51-8.87).
Pregnant women were not more likely to be infected with SARS-CoV-2. Still, pregnant women with COVID-19, especially those born outside of Scandinavia, were more likely to be hospitalised.
Pregnant women are at increased risk of hospitalisation for COVID-19.
比较妊娠与非妊娠妇女感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）和因 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）接触专科保健服务的风险。
2020 年 3 月 1 日居住在挪威的所有 15-45 岁妇女（n=1 033 699）。
我们使用唯一的国家标识符将国家出生、患者、传染病和教育数据库中的信息进行链接。
我们使用 Cox 回归估计与非妊娠妇女相比，妊娠妇女 SARS-CoV-2 检测阳性、专科保健 COVID-19 诊断或 COVID-19 住院的风险比（HR）。多变量分析调整了年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度、收入、出生国和潜在疾病状况。
妊娠妇女接受 SARS-CoV-2 检测或检测结果呈阳性的可能性并不更高（调整 HR 0.99；95%CI 0.92-1.07）。妊娠妇女 COVID-19 住院风险较高（HR 4.70，95%CI 3.51-6.30）和任何类型的 COVID-19 专科护理风险较高（HR 3.46，95%CI 2.89-4.14）。非斯堪的纳维亚出生的妊娠妇女接受检测的可能性较低，检测结果呈阳性的风险更高（HR 2.37，95%CI 2.51-8.87）。与斯堪的纳维亚出生的妊娠妇女相比，具有少数族裔背景的妊娠妇女 COVID-19 住院风险更高（HR 4.72，95%CI 2.51-8.87）。
妊娠妇女不太可能感染 SARS-CoV-2。然而，COVID-19 妊娠妇女，尤其是非斯堪的纳维亚出生的妊娠妇女，更有可能住院。
妊娠妇女 COVID-19 住院风险增加。
