Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LNC-UMR 7291, NeuroMarseille InCiam, Marseille, France.
Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centre IRM-INT@CERIMED, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR7289 CNRS & AMU, Faculté de Médecine de la Timone, Marseille.
Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2023 Jan;33(1):103-138. doi: 10.1080/09602011.2021.1987277. Epub 2021 Oct 17.
Cognitive functioning evolves throughout life. Regular practice of stimulating activities maintains or even strengthens cognitive skills. This study investigated the effects of a cognitive training programme based on complex closed-ended problem solving on innovative thinking. To this end, using partial least squares variance-based structural equation modeling, we first evaluated in 83 healthy adults how inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and reasoning were related to the distinct dimensions of innovative thinking. Second, we assessed how these interactions were modified after cognitive training based on problem solving in a subgroup of 16 subjects compared to leisure activity based on crossword solving in another subgroup of 15 subjects. Third, in a pilot fMRI study, we evaluated changes in brain connectivity at rest as a result of training in the problem solving group. Data on cognitive measures showed that innovative thinking was influenced by reasoning in control subjects, whereas it was influenced by cognitive flexibility following problem-solving training. These findings highlight that a cognitive intervention based on complex closed-ended problem solving promotes innovative thinking by changing the way subjects recruit and use relevant cognitive processes. Modifications in the resting-state connectivity of attention, default mode and visual networks were observed in the problem solving group.
认知功能在整个生命过程中不断发展。经常进行刺激活动可以保持甚至增强认知技能。本研究调查了基于复杂封闭式问题解决的认知训练计划对创新思维的影响。为此，我们首先使用偏最小二乘方差结构方程建模，在 83 名健康成年人中评估了抑制、认知灵活性和推理如何与创新思维的不同维度相关。其次，我们评估了在基于问题解决的认知训练后（与另一组基于纵横字谜的休闲活动的 15 名受试者相比），这些相互作用如何在基于解决问题的认知训练的 16 名受试者的亚组中发生变化。第三，在一项试点 fMRI 研究中，我们评估了由于解决问题组的训练而导致的静息状态下大脑连接的变化。认知测量数据表明，在对照组中，创新思维受到推理的影响，而在解决问题的训练之后，创新思维受到认知灵活性的影响。这些发现强调了基于复杂封闭式问题解决的认知干预通过改变受试者招募和使用相关认知过程的方式来促进创新思维。在解决问题的小组中观察到注意力、默认模式和视觉网络的静息状态连接的变化。
