Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany.
Clinic for Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Marburg (UKGM), Marburg, Germany.
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2021 Oct;19 Suppl 5:14-23. doi: 10.1111/ddg.14616.
Inpatient care in Germany has been subject to change since the introduction of the DRG-based payment system. There have been no publications on important differentiating factors such as the spectrum of care and the staffing situation in dermatology.
Health care analysis of 115 dermatology hospitals in October 2019 using a structured survey questionnaire.
On average, the spectrum of care included 31.0 % general dermatology, 33.6 % surgical dermatology, 15.6 % oncology, and 10.1 % allergology. The clinics had an average of 14 full-time positions and 3 part-time positions (university clinics: 23/5, non-university clinics: 9/2). The mean nationwide proportion of women in the physician teams showed the following distribution: postgraduate physicians 73.3 %, senior physicians 53.0 %, directors 20.0 %. The applicant situation of senior physicians and specialists was assessed as predominantly poor, that of residents as predominantly good. Worse applicant situations were present in non-university hospitals and in rural areas. The satisfaction of the medical directors with the current conditions of inpatient care showed a variable assessment independent of university hospital and non-university hospital status. However, the threat to inpatient care was predominantly assessed as low (71.6 %).
The overall situation of inpatient dermatological care can be classified as predominantly good. In addition, the majority of dermatology clinics provide a wide range of care with regard to the variety of indications. The general conditions, which in some cases are rated as inadequate, require further measures.
自采用基于诊断相关分组（DRG）的支付系统以来，德国的住院治疗发生了变化。目前尚无关于皮肤科护理范围和人员配备情况等重要差异因素的出版物。
2019 年 10 月，使用结构化调查问卷对 115 家皮肤科医院进行了医疗保健分析。
平均而言，护理范围包括 31.0%的普通皮肤科、33.6%的外科皮肤科、15.6%的肿瘤学和 10.1%的过敏学。这些诊所平均有 14 个全职职位和 3 个兼职职位（大学诊所：23/5，非大学诊所：9/2）。全国范围内，医生团队中女性的平均比例为：研究生医生 73.3%，高级医生 53.0%，主任医生 20.0%。高级医生和专家的申请人情况评估为主要较差，住院医师的申请人情况评估为主要较好。非大学医院和农村地区的申请人情况更差。医学主任对住院治疗现状的满意度评估独立于大学医院和非大学医院的状况，存在不同的评估。然而，住院治疗的威胁主要被评估为低（71.6%）。
住院皮肤科护理的总体情况可以归类为主要良好。此外，大多数皮肤科诊所提供广泛的护理，涉及各种适应症。某些情况下被评为不足的一般情况需要采取进一步措施。
