Alayu Alemu Mikias, Yesuf Aman, Girma Fikirte, Adugna Fanna, Melak Kumlachew, Biru Mengistu, Seyoum Melaku, Abiye Tesfahun
Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis. 2021 Oct 7;25:100279. doi: 10.1016/j.jctube.2021.100279. eCollection 2021 Dec.
Globally, the Tuberculosis treatment success rate was worse for HIV-positive TB patients compared with HIV- negative TB patients. This study aimed at determining the impact of HIV-AIDS and factors associated with TB treatment outcomes.
This study was a retrospective cohort study of five years of tuberculosis data from four public health facilities in Hosanna Town. A total of 604 study participants were included using a systematic random sampling technique. Descriptive analysis of ratios, rates, and proportions was done and binary logistic regression, bivariable and multivariable, analysis was also done.
A total of 604 TB patients were enrolled in this study. 302 (50%) were HIV co-infected. The overall treatment success rate was 90.1% (544/604). Treatment success rates are 86.4% (261/302) for TB-HIV co-infected patients and 93.7% (283/302) for non-co-infected patients. TB-HIV co-infected patients had a higher risk of an unsuccessful treatment outcome (Adjusted Relative Risk [ARR]: 2.7; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.4 - 5.2). The risk of unsuccessful treatment outcome is also higher among rural residents (ARR: 3.3; CI: 1.4 - 5.0), patients on the re-treatment category (ARR: 2.7; CI: 1.4 - 5.1), and with chronic disease (ARR: 3.3; CI: 1.3 - 8.1).
TB treatment success rate is good as compared to the WHO minimum requirement. Successful treatment outcome is lower among patients with HIV infection, rural residents, patients on re-treatment, and patients with chronic disease. Therefore, due emphasis should be given to these high-risk groups.
在全球范围内，与艾滋病毒阴性的结核病患者相比，艾滋病毒阳性的结核病患者的治疗成功率更低。本研究旨在确定艾滋病毒/艾滋病的影响以及与结核病治疗结果相关的因素。
本研究是一项回顾性队列研究，对霍桑纳镇四个公共卫生机构五年的结核病数据进行分析。采用系统随机抽样技术共纳入604名研究参与者。对比率、发病率和比例进行了描述性分析，并进行了二元逻辑回归分析，包括双变量和多变量分析。
本研究共纳入604例结核病患者。302例（50%）合并感染艾滋病毒。总体治疗成功率为90.1%（544/604）。结核病合并艾滋病毒感染患者的治疗成功率为86.4%（261/302），未合并感染患者的治疗成功率为93.7%（283/302）。结核病合并艾滋病毒感染患者治疗结果不成功的风险更高（调整相对风险[ARR]：2.7；95%置信区间[CI]：1.4 - 5.2）。农村居民（ARR：3.3；CI：1.4 - 5.0）、复治患者（ARR：2.7；CI：1.4 - 5.1）和慢性病患者（ARR：3.3；CI：1.3 - 8.1）治疗结果不成功的风险也更高。
与世界卫生组织的最低要求相比，结核病治疗成功率良好。艾滋病毒感染患者、农村居民、复治患者和慢性病患者的治疗成功结果较低。因此，应特别关注这些高危人群。
