Virtual University of Pakistan, Department of Molecular Biology, Lahore, Pakistan.
University of Malakand, Department of Zoology, Chakdara, Dir Lower, KPK, Pakistan.
Braz J Biol. 2021 Oct 11;83:e248978. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.248978. eCollection 2021.
The present research was planned to assess the occurrence of intestinal parasites in small ruminants of Upper Dir of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. For this purpose, the faecal material was collected randomly with gloved fingers directly from the rectum region of sheep and goats and the faecal materials were then put in hygienic plastic bottles with 10% formalin. The overall 315 (n=184 sheep and n= 131 goats) faecal samples were collected out of 315 samples, 281 were found positive for different parasites. Patterns-wise prevalence of GI parasites of the study area was found. Overall Single parasitism 89.20% (281/315) with 94.0% (173/184) in sheep and 82.43% (108/131) in goats. Double parasitic infection in small ruminant recorded in which Fasciola+ Haemonchus. contortus in sheep were found their prevalence was 25.54% (47/184). While in goats, the double parasitic infection in which Haemonchus contortus+Trichuris spp were found and their prevalence were 23.43% (30/131). The species found in the sample of sheep were includes, i.e., Strongyloides papillosus (41.30%), Heamonchus controtus (21.73%), Trichuris ovis (17.39%), and Fasciola hepatica (13.58%), the corresponding value for goat were Strongyloides spp 33.33% (36/108), Haemonchus spp 28.70%, (27/108), Trichuris spp 25.20% (27/184) and Fasciola spp 10.68% (14/184). The sheep of the study area are more infected as compared to goats. This study suggested that gastrointestinal parasites are major health problems of small ruminants in the study area. Therefore, a comprehensive study on species of gastrointestinal parasites circulating in the area, control options, cost-effective strategies and awareness about gastrointestinal parasites among the farmers in the study area should be instituted.
本研究旨在评估巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省迪尔县小反刍动物肠道寄生虫的发生情况。为此，用手套手指从绵羊和山羊的直肠区域随机采集粪便材料，并将粪便材料放入装有 10%福尔马林的卫生塑料瓶中。在采集的 315 份粪便样本（n=184 只绵羊和 n=131 只山羊）中，有 281 份样本检测出不同的寄生虫呈阳性。该研究地区胃肠道寄生虫的流行模式呈阳性。总体而言，单一寄生虫感染率为 89.20%（281/315），绵羊为 94.0%（173/184），山羊为 82.43%（108/131）。在小反刍动物中记录到双重寄生虫感染，绵羊中发现双腔吸虫+捻转血矛线虫的感染率为 25.54%（47/184）。而在山羊中，发现双重寄生虫感染，其中捻转血矛线虫+毛圆线虫的感染率为 23.43%（30/131）。在绵羊样本中发现的物种包括，即细颈线虫（41.30%）、捻转血矛线虫（21.73%）、毛圆线虫（17.39%）和肝片吸虫（13.58%），对应的山羊值分别为 33.33%（36/108）、血矛线虫（28.70%）、（27/108）、毛圆线虫（25.20%）和双腔吸虫（10.68%）（14/184）。与山羊相比，该研究区的绵羊感染更为严重。本研究表明，胃肠道寄生虫是该研究区小反刍动物的主要健康问题。因此，应在该地区开展针对循环胃肠道寄生虫的种类、控制选择、具有成本效益的策略以及对农民进行胃肠道寄生虫意识的全面研究。
