Löfgren J
Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien). 1986;36:151-4. doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-8859-0_43.
Hematomas in head injuries as a general rule reach their definite size within minutes after the trauma, the bleeding being effectively checked by an interaction of an increased intracranial pressure and the natural hemostatic processes. In epidural hemorrhage the development of arteriovenous shunting in the epidural space may result in continuing bleeding. In special circumstances vascular injury may produce delayed hemorrhage related to increased transmural pressure in the vascular bed and the development of a hyperfibrinolysis syndrome. The clinical effect of a hematoma is quantitatively related to its volume, but modified to a considerable degree in the particular case by the size of the extraaxial space and the arterial blood pressure. Some implications for treatment are commented upon.
一般来说，头部损伤后的血肿在创伤后几分钟内就会达到其确定大小，颅内压升高与自然止血过程相互作用有效地抑制了出血。在硬膜外出血中，硬膜外间隙动静脉分流的发展可能导致持续出血。在特殊情况下，血管损伤可能会因血管床跨壁压力增加和高纤维蛋白溶解综合征的发展而产生延迟性出血。血肿的临床影响在数量上与其体积相关，但在具体病例中会因轴外间隙大小和动脉血压而在很大程度上有所改变。文中对一些治疗方面的意义进行了评论。
