Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA.
Exp Brain Res. 2022 Jan;240(1):147-158. doi: 10.1007/s00221-021-06242-1. Epub 2021 Oct 22.
Skeletal muscles embed multiple tendon organs, both at the proximal and distal ends of muscle fibers. One of the functions of such spatial distribution may be to provide locally unique force feedback, which may become more important when stresses are distributed non-uniformly within the muscle. Forces exerted by connections between adjacent muscles (i.e. epimuscular myofascial forces) may cause such local differences in force. The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate the effects of mechanical interactions between adjacent muscles on sensory encoding by tendon organs. Action potentials from single afferents were recorded intra-axonally in response to ramp-hold release (RHR) stretches of a passive agonistic muscle at different lengths or relative positions of its passive synergist. The tendons of gastrocnemius (GAS), plantaris (PL) and soleus (SO) muscles were cut from the skeleton for attachment to servomotors. Connective tissues among these muscles were kept intact. Lengthening GAS + PL decreased the force threshold of SO tendon organs (p = 0.035). The force threshold of lateral gastrocnemius (LG) tendon organs was not affected by SO length (p = 0.371). Also displacing LG + PL, kept at a constant muscle-tendon unit length, from a proximal to a more distal position resulted in a decrease in force threshold of LG tendon organs (p = 0.007). These results indicate that tendon organ firing is affected by changes in length and/or relative position of adjacent synergistic muscles. We conclude that tendon organs can provide the central nervous system with information about local stresses caused by epimuscular myofascial forces.
骨骼肌中嵌入了多个肌腱器官,既有在肌纤维的近端,也有在肌纤维的远端。这种空间分布的一个功能可能是提供局部独特的力反馈,当肌肉内的应力分布不均匀时,这种力反馈可能变得更加重要。相邻肌肉之间的连接(即肌筋膜内的肌肉力)施加的力可能导致力的这种局部差异。本探索性研究的目的是研究相邻肌肉之间的机械相互作用对肌腱器官的感觉编码的影响。通过在不同长度或其被动协同肌的相对位置下对被动兴奋肌肉进行斜坡保持释放(RHR)拉伸,记录到单个传入纤维的动作电位。将跟腱(GAS)、跖肌(PL)和比目鱼肌(SO)的肌腱从骨骼上切断,以便连接到伺服电机上。这些肌肉之间的结缔组织保持完整。伸长 GAS+PL 会降低 SO 肌腱器官的力阈值(p=0.035)。SO 长度不会影响外侧跟腱(LG)肌腱器官的力阈值(p=0.371)。同样,当将 LG+PL 保持在恒定的肌肌腱单位长度时,从近端到更远端的位置移动,LG 肌腱器官的力阈值会降低(p=0.007)。这些结果表明,肌腱器官的发射受到相邻协同肌长度和/或相对位置变化的影响。我们得出结论,肌腱器官可以为中枢神经系统提供有关肌筋膜内肌肉力引起的局部应力的信息。
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