Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Oncology (Williston Park). 2021 Oct 21;35(10):654-660. doi: 10.46883/ONC.2021.3510.0654.
Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In the mid-1980s, the median overall survival (OS) for patients with mCRC ranged from 10 to 12 months from the time of initial diagnosis. In more recent studies, this median has more than doubled and is commonly reported at more than 25 to 30 months. These improvements are due, in large part, to the introduction of multiple novel agents during the last 3 decades. Despite these improvements, however, nearly all patients treated with palliative chemotherapy will eventually develop resistance and ultimately succumb to progression of metastatic disease. Understanding the mechanisms by which malignant cells evade treatment could unlock novel therapeutic strategies that overcome resistance and improve survival. In this review, we will discuss some of the drivers of therapeutic resistance in patients with mCRC and present some novel strategies to overcome resistance.
转移性结直肠癌（mCRC）是全球第二大常见的癌症相关死亡原因。20 世纪 80 年代中期，mCRC 患者从初始诊断到死亡的中位总生存期（OS）为 10 至 12 个月。在最近的研究中，这一中位数已经翻了一番多，通常报道超过 25 至 30 个月。这些改善在很大程度上归因于过去 30 年中引入了多种新型药物。然而，尽管取得了这些进展，但几乎所有接受姑息化疗的患者最终都会产生耐药性，并最终因转移性疾病的进展而死亡。了解恶性细胞逃避治疗的机制可能会开辟新的治疗策略，克服耐药性并提高生存率。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论 mCRC 患者治疗耐药的一些驱动因素，并提出一些克服耐药性的新策略。
