Clemens Robert K, Sebastian Tim, Kerr Cindy, Alomari Ahmad I
Vascular Center, Cantonal Hospital Baden, CH-5404 Baden, Switzerland.
Department of Radiology and Vascular Anomalies Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 Sep 27;11(10):1776. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11101776.
There is a sparsity of data on the use of ethiodized poppy seed oil (EPO) contrast agent (Lipiodol) in patients. We investigated the safety of EPO in children, adolescents, and some adults for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
All patients who underwent procedures with EPO between 1995 and 2014 were retrospectively included. Demographic characteristics, diagnosis, dose, route of administration, preparation of EPO in combination with other agents, and complications were recorded.
In 1422 procedures, EPO was used for diagnostic or treatment purposes performed in 683 patients. The mean patient age was 13.4 years (range: 2 months-50 years); 58% of patients were female. Venous malformations ( = 402, 58.9%) and arteriovenous malformations ( = 60, 8.8%) were the most common diagnosis. Combined vascular anomalies included capillary-lymphatic-venous malformations, fibroadipose vascular anomalies ( = 54, 7.9%), central conducting lymphatic anomalies ( = 31, 4.5%), lymphatic malformations ( = 24, 3.5%), aneurysmal bone cysts ( = 22, 3.2%), and vascularized tumors ( = 11, 1.6%). In 1384 procedures (96%), EPO was used in various combinations with sclerosing and embolization agents, including sodium tetradecyl sulfate, ethanol, and glue. The mean volume of EPO used in interventions was 3.85 mL (range: 0.1-25 mL) per procedure with a mean patient weight of 45.9 kg (range: 3.7-122.6 kg) and a weight-adjusted dose of 0.12 mL/kg (range: 0.001-1.73 mL/kg). In 56 procedures (4%), EPO was used as a single agent for diagnostic lymphangiography. The mean volume was 4.8 mL (range: 0.3-13 mL) per procedure with a mean patient weight of 27.4 kg (range: 2.4-79.3 kg) and a weight-adjusted dose of 0.2 mL/kg (range: 0.04-0.54 mL/kg). Procedural-related complications occurred in 25 (1.8%) procedures. The 20 minor and 5 major complications were related to the primary treatment agents. None of them were directly related to EPO. No allergic reactions were noted.
The use of an ethiodized poppy seed oil contrast agent in children, adolescents, and adults for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes is safe.
关于碘化罂粟籽油（EPO）造影剂（碘油）在患者中的使用数据较为稀少。我们调查了EPO在儿童、青少年和部分成年人中用于诊断和治疗干预的安全性。
回顾性纳入1995年至2014年间接受EPO相关操作的所有患者。记录人口统计学特征、诊断、剂量、给药途径、EPO与其他药物联合使用的配制情况以及并发症。
在1422例操作中，EPO用于683例患者的诊断或治疗目的。患者平均年龄为13.4岁（范围：2个月至50岁）；58%为女性。静脉畸形（n = 402，58.9%）和动静脉畸形（n = 60，8.8%）是最常见的诊断。合并血管异常包括毛细血管 - 淋巴管 - 静脉畸形、纤维脂肪血管异常（n = 54，7.9%）、中央传导淋巴管异常（n = 31，4.5%）、淋巴管畸形（n = 24，3.5%）、动脉瘤样骨囊肿（n = 22，3.2%）和血管化肿瘤（n = 11，1.6%）。在1384例操作（96%）中，EPO与硬化剂和栓塞剂（包括十四烷基硫酸钠、乙醇和胶水）以各种组合使用。干预中使用EPO的平均体积为每次操作3.85 mL（范围：0.1 - 25 mL），患者平均体重为45.9 kg（范围：3.7 - 122.6 kg），体重调整剂量为0.12 mL/kg（范围：0.001 - 1.73 mL/kg）。在56例操作（4%）中，EPO作为单一药物用于诊断性淋巴管造影。平均体积为每次操作4.8 mL（范围：0.3 - 13 mL），患者平均体重为27.4 kg（范围：2.4 - 79.3 kg），体重调整剂量为0.2 mL/kg（范围：0.04 - 0.54 mL/kg）。25例（1.8%）操作发生了与操作相关的并发症。20例轻微并发症和5例严重并发症与主要治疗药物有关。它们均与EPO无直接关系。未观察到过敏反应。
碘化罂粟籽油造影剂在儿童、青少年和成年人中用于诊断或治疗目的是安全的。
