Tharasanit Theerawat, Thuwanut Paweena
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Veterinary Clinical Stem Cells and Bioengineering Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Oct 13;11(10):2949. doi: 10.3390/ani11102949.
Oocyte cryopreservation plays important roles in basic research and the application of models for genetic preservation and in clinical situations. This technology provides long-term storage of gametes for genetic banking and subsequent use with other assisted reproductive technologies. Until recently, oocytes have remained the most difficult cell type to freeze, as the oocytes per se are large with limited surface area to cytoplasm ratio. They are also highly sensitive to damage during cryopreservation, and therefore the success rate of oocyte cryopreservation is generally poor when compared to noncryopreserved oocytes. Although advancement in oocyte cryopreservation has progressed rapidly for decades, the improvement of cryosurvival and clinical outcomes is still required. This review focuses on the principles, techniques, outcomes and prospects of oocyte cryopreservation in domestic animals and humans.
卵母细胞冷冻保存在基础研究、遗传保存模型应用以及临床领域都发挥着重要作用。这项技术为基因库提供了配子的长期储存，并可随后与其他辅助生殖技术结合使用。直到最近，卵母细胞仍是最难冷冻的细胞类型，因为卵母细胞本身体积大，表面积与细胞质的比例有限。它们在冷冻保存过程中对损伤也高度敏感，因此与未冷冻保存的卵母细胞相比，卵母细胞冷冻保存的成功率通常较低。尽管几十年来卵母细胞冷冻保存技术取得了快速进展，但仍需要提高冷冻存活率和临床结局。本文综述了家畜和人类卵母细胞冷冻保存的原理、技术、结果及前景。
