Kurkjian Cathryn, Hollifield Melissa, Feola David J, Garvy Beth A
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Oct 2;7(10):827. doi: 10.3390/jof7100827.
Newborn mice are unable to clear (PC) infection with the same efficiency as adults due, in part, to their inability to develop a robust immune response to infection until three weeks of age. It is known that infants tend develop a Th2 skewed response to antigen so we sought to determine whether a biased cytokine response altered the clearance of PC infection in neonatal mice. infection in neonatal mice resulted in increased IL-4 expression by CD4 T cells and myeloid cells, augmented IL-13 secretion within the airways and increased arginase activity in the airways, indicative of Th2-type responses. -infected IL-4Rα neonates had a shift towards Th1 cytokine production and increased numbers of CD4 and CD8 T cells within the lung as well as elevated levels of -specific IgG. IFNγ and IL-23 p19 mice had altered CD4-T cell-dependent cytokine and cell responses. Though we could alter the T helper cell environment in neonatal knockout mice, there was no loss in the ability of these pups to clear infection. It is possible that the Th2 phenotype normally seen in neonatal mice protects the developing lung from pro-inflammatory immune responses without compromising host defense against .
新生小鼠清除肺炎衣原体（PC）感染的效率不如成年小鼠，部分原因是它们在三周龄之前无法对感染产生强大的免疫反应。已知婴儿对抗原往往会产生偏向Th2的反应，因此我们试图确定偏向性的细胞因子反应是否会改变新生小鼠中肺炎衣原体感染的清除情况。新生小鼠感染肺炎衣原体导致CD4 T细胞和髓样细胞中白细胞介素-4（IL-4）表达增加、气道内白细胞介素-13分泌增多以及气道内精氨酸酶活性增强，这表明出现了Th2型反应。感染肺炎衣原体的白细胞介素-4受体α（IL-4Rα）基因敲除新生小鼠向Th1细胞因子产生转变，肺内CD4和CD8 T细胞数量增加，以及肺炎衣原体特异性免疫球蛋白G（IgG）水平升高。干扰素γ（IFNγ）和白细胞介素-23 p19基因敲除小鼠的CD4 T细胞依赖性细胞因子和细胞反应发生了改变。尽管我们可以改变新生基因敲除小鼠中的辅助性T细胞环境，但这些幼崽清除感染的能力并未丧失。新生小鼠中通常所见的Th2表型有可能在不损害宿主对肺炎衣原体防御能力的情况下，保护发育中的肺免受促炎性免疫反应的影响。
