School of Public Administration, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou 310018, China.
School of Political Science and Public Administration, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang 641000, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Oct 18;18(20):10956. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182010956.
Deterioration of the ecological environment in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River in China substantially impacts the growth and development of aquatic organisms in the drainage basin. This paper builds a conceptual model by applying flow components and fish ecological requirements relation with a relevant object of main fish in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River. The paper utilized the flow restoration method by employing the River2D model (two-dimensional model of river hydrodynamics and fish habitat), and a one-dimensional hydrodynamics HEC-RAS (hydrologic engineering center's-river analysis system). The calculation result showed that the runoff condition required for survival is that the monthly lowest flow in a year is 150 m·s, and the lowest flow for suitable flow from April to October is 150 m·s, and 300 m·s from November to March. The research result is closer to the actual condition and has more outstanding operability. Meanwhile, the results proposed the coupling method of ecological water requirement for the mainstream of the Yellow River. Moreover, the results portrayed the ecological flow process according to the upper envelope of minimum and maximum ecological water requirements of each fracture surface. It is regarded that the ecological flow process is deemed as the initial value of the reservoir regulation model.
黄河中上游生态环境恶化，严重影响流域内水生生物的生长发育。本研究以黄河中上游主要鱼类对象，应用水流成分和鱼类生态需求关系构建概念模型。利用 River2D 模型（二维河流水动力学和鱼类栖息地模型）和一维水动力 HEC-RAS（水文工程中心的河流分析系统）进行水流恢复方法计算。计算结果表明，鱼类生存所需的径流量条件为：年最小月流量为 150m·s，4 月至 10 月适宜流量最小为 150m·s，11 月至 3 月最小为 300m·s。研究结果更接近实际情况，具有较强的可操作性。同时，提出了黄河干流生态需水的耦合方法，并根据各断面最小和最大生态需水的上包络线描绘了生态水流过程，将生态水流过程视为水库调度模型的初始值。
