Department of Bromatology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-354 Poznań, Poland.
Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznań, Poland.
Nutrients. 2021 Oct 12;13(10):3570. doi: 10.3390/nu13103570.
Many people's life situations are changing as a result of restrictions being imposed by national governments to limit the spread of the virus. These may be associated with additional factors (emotional or financial, for example) that influence eating behavior and physical activity levels. Therefore, the aim of this study was to show whether there is a relationship between a changing life situation during the pandemic and eating behavior as well as physical activity. An online survey was conducted between 28 April and 16 July 2020 with 921 participants from European countries and countries outside Europe (South and North America, Australia). An analysis of the obtained results showed an unfavorable relationship between a change in life situation during the pandemic and eating behavior as well as physical activity. This was observed mainly among students who returned to their family homes and respondents whose working hours increased. Students were more likely to snack between meals (51.13%, 0.001) and to consume more sweets (45.11%, 0.001) and savory snacks (30.83%, 0.001). Those whose working hours had increased, consumed morefast foods (13.57%, 0.05) during that time. On the other hand, the study results indicated that a change in life situation during the pandemic can also have a positive impact on eating behavior and physical activity. This was exhibited by individuals who transitioned to remote working. An improvement in the regularity of eating (38.86%, 0.001) was recorded for this group. The relationship between a change in life situation and eating behavior was further emphasized by the fact that people whose life situation had not changed were more likely to declare no change in the regularity of eating (62.86%, 0.001) and snacking (61.71%, 0.001). At the same time, they were less likely to exhibit a higher intake of sweets (22.29%, 0.01) and salty snacks (13.14%, 0.01). The study results indicated that a change in the nutritional situation during the pandemic may have had both negative and positive effects on eating behavior and physical activity. Finding these relationships may help identify groups that are particularly vulnerable to reduced diet quality and reduced levels of physical activity. Considering the immunomodulating effects of diets and the fact that physical activity is essential for maintaining good health, further research in this area is needed.
由于各国政府为限制病毒传播而实施限制措施，许多人的生活状况正在发生变化。这些变化可能与情绪或财务等其他因素有关，这些因素会影响饮食行为和身体活动水平。因此，本研究的目的是展示大流行期间生活状况的变化是否与饮食行为和身体活动有关。这项在线调查于 2020 年 4 月 28 日至 7 月 16 日在来自欧洲国家和欧洲以外国家（南美、北美和澳大利亚）的 921 名参与者中进行。对所获得结果的分析表明，大流行期间生活状况的变化与饮食行为和身体活动之间存在不利关系。这种关系主要发生在返回家庭住所的学生和工作时间增加的受访者中。学生更有可能在两餐之间吃零食（51.13%，0.001），并且食用更多的甜食（45.11%，0.001）和咸味零食（30.83%，0.001）。工作时间增加的人在此期间食用更多的快餐（13.57%，0.05）。另一方面，研究结果表明，大流行期间生活状况的变化也可能对饮食行为和身体活动产生积极影响。这体现在过渡到远程工作的个体中。该组记录到进食规律的改善（38.86%，0.001）。生活状况发生变化的人与饮食行为之间的关系进一步强调了这样一个事实，即生活状况没有改变的人更有可能宣称饮食规律（62.86%，0.001）和吃零食（61.71%，0.001）没有变化。同时，他们不太可能表现出更高的甜食摄入量（22.29%，0.01）和咸味零食摄入量（13.14%，0.01）。研究结果表明，大流行期间营养状况的变化可能对饮食行为和身体活动产生负面影响和积极影响。发现这些关系可能有助于确定那些饮食质量下降和身体活动水平降低风险较高的人群。考虑到饮食的免疫调节作用以及身体活动对保持良好健康的重要性，需要在这一领域进行进一步的研究。
