THOR-05F 型人体模型在矢状面上的力矩反应。

Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Traffic Inj Prev. 2021;22(sup1):S155-S158. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2021.1982602. Epub 2021 Oct 22.

OBJECTIVE

Anthropomorphic test devices (ATD) are used in crashworthiness studies to advance safety in automotive, military, aviation, and other environments. The Test Device for Human Occupant Restraint (THOR) is an advancement over the widely used Hybrid III ATD. The female version THOR-05F is different from the male as it is not a scaled-down version of the male, and it is based on the recognition that the cervical spines (necks) of females have a different response than males. The objective of this study is to evaluate its response at dynamic rates of loading and compare it with previous postmortem human surrogate (PMHS) responses under sagittal plane bending.

METHODS

The head/neck assembly was separated from the thorax, and a lower neck plate was attached to the head/neck assembly to mount the preparation to the frame of an electro-hydraulic testing device. A custom upper neck interface plate was attached to a novel angular displacement test device that converted the linear motion of the vertical electrohydraulic piston to moment loading at the occipital condyle joint. The neck was preconditioned by applying a sinusoidal 10-degree flexion-extension cycle for 90 s and then three repeat dynamic tests at a target rate of 90 Nm/s. Flexion and extension tests were performed with and without the front and rear neck cables of the THOR-05F neck. Targets were fixed to the upper neck adapter plate, occipital condyle joint, mid-spine aluminum puck, and lower neck adapter plate. The targets' three-dimensional positions were measured using a seven-camera optical motion capture system. Upper neck load cell and occipital condyle potentiometer data were sampled at 20 kHz, and loading rates were determined by calculating the sagittal moment slope between 15% and 85% of the signal.

RESULTS

The mean occipital condyle angle versus sagittal moment response from the 12 tests (three tests each with and without cables and under flexion and extension) are given in the body of the manuscript. With and without cables, the loading rates for flexion tests were 89.3 ± 0.5 Nm/s and 86.3 ± 0.4 Nm/s, and for extension tests they were 90.8 ± 1.2 Nm/s and 88.0 ± 1.5 Nm/s. The average peak sagittal moments were 34.2 ± 0.3 Nm and 30.3 ± 0.2 Nm for flexion and 50.6 ± 0.3 Nm and 47.0 ± 0.3 Nm for extension tests. The mean peak occipital condyle angles were 23.5 ± 0.2 deg and 25.3 ± 0.1 deg for flexion and 22.7 ± 0.2 deg and 25.8 ± 0.1 deg for extension.

CONCLUSION

Using the angular motion as a basis and comparing it with the previously conducted PMHS tests, the THOR-05F neck has approximately twice the stiffness of the human under sagittal plane bending.

目的

拟人测试设备（ATD）用于碰撞研究，以提高汽车、军事、航空和其他环境中的安全性。人体乘员约束测试设备（THOR）是对广泛使用的第三代人体模型（Hybrid III ATD）的改进。女性版 THOR-05F 与男性版不同，因为它不是男性版的缩小版，而是基于女性颈椎（颈部）的反应与男性不同的认识。本研究的目的是评估其在动态加载速率下的反应，并将其与以前的尸体替代物（PMHS）在矢状面弯曲下的反应进行比较。

方法

将头/颈组件与胸腔分离，并将一个下颈板连接到头/颈组件上，以将准备好的组件安装到电动液压测试设备的框架上。一个定制的上颈接口板连接到一个新颖的角位移测试装置上，该装置将垂直电动液压活塞的直线运动转换为枕骨髁关节的力矩加载。颈部通过施加正弦 10 度屈伸循环 90 秒，然后在目标速率 90 Nm/s 下进行三次重复动态测试进行预条件处理。进行了屈伸测试，测试了有和没有 THOR-05F 颈部前后颈缆的情况。目标固定在上颈适配器板、枕骨髁关节、中脊柱铝制 puck 和下颈适配器板上。使用七个摄像头光学运动捕捉系统测量目标的三维位置。在上颈加载单元和枕骨髁电位计上以 20 kHz 的速率采样数据，并通过计算信号的 15%和 85%之间的矢状面力矩斜率来确定加载速率。

结果

12 次测试（每组测试各进行 3 次，分别有和没有电缆，进行屈伸测试）的枕骨髁角度与矢状面力矩的平均响应在正文中给出。有和没有电缆时，屈伸测试的加载速率分别为 89.3±0.5 Nm/s 和 86.3±0.4 Nm/s，而伸展测试的加载速率分别为 90.8±1.2 Nm/s 和 88.0±1.5 Nm/s。平均峰值矢状面力矩分别为 34.2±0.3 Nm 和 30.3±0.2 Nm，屈伸测试的平均峰值枕骨髁角度分别为 23.5±0.2 度和 25.3±0.1 度。屈伸测试的平均峰值枕骨髁角度分别为 22.7±0.2 度和 25.8±0.1 度。