Skate Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054,China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Feb 10;807(Pt 2):151091. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151091. Epub 2021 Oct 22.
Coking plants are a substantial source of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soil. In this study, we examined the concentration of PTEs, the soil physicochemical properties, and the Pb isotopes in the soil inside and around a coking plant in an industrial city in northern China. We analyzed the spatial distribution of PTEs and the pollution risk areas by I index, the enrichment factor (EF), and the Nemerow index, and we quantitatively identified the contribution of PTE pollution sources in the soil on a small- and medium-scale (plant and work section). Our results indicated that the Hg concentration inside the plant and the Cd concentration in the agricultural land around the plant were both relatively high. A comprehensive analysis of the soil in the study area was performed using the positive matrix factorization model and Pb isotope (Pb, Pb) tracing method, based on the MixSIAR model, this analysis indicated that burning coal was the main source of Pb both inside (46.8%) and outside (26.3%) the coking plant. The pollution emission sources with significant influence on the soil outside the coking plant were diesel vehicles (12.5%), gas tanks (12.4%), and coke ovens (11.5%), while the sources inside the plant were quenching sections (11.1%), atmospheric deposition (11.0%), coke oven sections (9.6%), and diesel vehicles (6.1%). The results of PTE pollution risk zoning and Pb isotope tracing indicated that pollution is more serious in the western part of the plant, which is the area where coking and gas production takes place, and the most serious pollution outside the plant is mainly distributed to the southeast. This study provides theoretical and practical data indicating the contribution of industrial enterprises to soil pollution, and will help identify pollution responsibility and the management of pollution sources.
炼焦厂是土壤中潜在有毒元素（PTEs）的重要来源。本研究调查了中国北方某工业城市炼焦厂内部和周围土壤中 PTEs 的浓度、土壤理化性质和 Pb 同位素。我们通过 I 指数、富集因子（EF）和 Nemerow 指数分析了 PTEs 的空间分布和污染风险区域，并在小尺度（工厂和工作区）和中尺度上定量识别了土壤中 PTE 污染源的贡献。结果表明，工厂内部的 Hg 浓度和工厂周围农田的 Cd 浓度相对较高。基于 MixSIAR 模型，采用正矩阵因子分解模型和 Pb 同位素（Pb、Pb）示踪法对研究区土壤进行综合分析，结果表明，燃煤是炼焦厂内外（分别为 46.8%和 26.3%） Pb 的主要来源。对炼焦厂外土壤有显著影响的污染排放源是柴油车（12.5%）、气罐（12.4%）和焦炉（11.5%），而厂内的污染源是淬火区（11.1%）、大气沉降（11.0%）、焦炉区（9.6%）和柴油车（6.1%）。PTE 污染风险分区和 Pb 同位素示踪结果表明，工厂西部（炼焦和制气区）污染较严重，厂外最严重的污染主要分布在东南部。本研究为工业企业对土壤污染的贡献提供了理论和实践数据，有助于明确污染责任和污染源管理。
