Nemoto Yuta, Sakurai Ryota, Matsunaga Hiroko, Fujiwara Yoshinori
Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology.
Japan Support Center for Suicide Countermeasures.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 2021 Dec 24;68(12):888-898. doi: 10.11236/jph.21-023. Epub 2021 Oct 22.
Objective During a natural disaster, accessing appropriate information is essential to reduce damage to health. Information and community technology (ICT) devices can help in obtaining information. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of information tools commonly used by ICT device users during a natural disaster, and identify associations between sociodemographic factors and Internet-based information tools.Methods In 2019, 21,300 adults aged 18 years and above living in Fuchu city, Tokyo, were enrolled in our survey. Participants were asked which ICT devices (computer, smartphone, tablet, or mobile phone) they used. Those who used at least one device were classified as ICT device users. To evaluate the information tools commonly used during a natural disaster, participants were asked to select information resources they would use from a list provided (television, radio, Internet search, alert mail, administrative radio system, local government website, neighborhood, family, and friends). We classified Internet search, alert mail, and local government website as Internet-based tools. A Poisson regression model with robust variance was used to assess sex and age differences among ICT device users and clarify associations between sociodemographic factors and the use of Internet-based information tools.Results The respondents were 9,201 adults (response rate: 43.2%). Among the ICT device users, more than 95% were below 70 years. Moreover, 66.7% of women and 70.6% of men were 80 years or above. More than 80% preferred television to get information during a natural disaster. Over 70% of women below 60 years and men below 70 years preferred to use an Internet search, compared with 7.8% of women aged 80 years or above. Those who selected Internet search were more likely to be women, have a high household income and high educational attainment, be widowed/divorced/single, and be less likely to live alone or be older adults (especially older women). Participants who selected alert mail were more likely to be women and have high educational attainment, and less likely to be widowed/divorced/single and older adults. Those who selected government websites were more likely to be women, have high educational attainment and be widowed/divorced/single, and less likely to live alone, be widowed/divorced/single, and be older adults (especially older women).Conclusion There were differences by sex and age in information tools selected for use during a natural disaster among ICT device users. Sociodemographic factors were associated with Internet-based tools, and use differed by type of information tool.
目的 在自然灾害期间，获取适当信息对于减少健康损害至关重要。信息和社区技术（ICT）设备有助于获取信息。本研究旨在确定自然灾害期间ICT设备用户常用信息工具的特征，并确定社会人口学因素与基于互联网的信息工具之间的关联。
方法 2019年，居住在东京府中市的21300名18岁及以上成年人参与了我们的调查。参与者被问及他们使用哪些ICT设备（计算机、智能手机、平板电脑或手机）。使用至少一种设备的人被归类为ICT设备用户。为了评估自然灾害期间常用的信息工具，参与者被要求从提供的列表中选择他们会使用的信息资源（电视、广播、互联网搜索、警报邮件、行政广播系统、地方政府网站、邻里、家人和朋友）。我们将互联网搜索、警报邮件和地方政府网站归类为基于互联网的工具。使用稳健方差的泊松回归模型来评估ICT设备用户之间性别和年龄差异，并阐明社会人口学因素与基于互联网的信息工具使用之间的关联。
结果 受访者为9201名成年人（回复率：43.2%）。在ICT设备用户中，超过95%的人年龄在70岁以下。此外，66.7%的女性和70.6%的男性年龄在80岁及以上。超过80%的人在自然灾害期间更喜欢通过电视获取信息。60岁以下的女性和70岁以下的男性中，超过70%的人更喜欢使用互联网搜索，而80岁及以上的女性中这一比例为7.8%。选择互联网搜索的人更可能是女性，家庭收入高且教育程度高，丧偶/离婚/单身，不太可能独居或为老年人（尤其是老年女性）。选择警报邮件的参与者更可能是女性且教育程度高，并较少可能丧偶/离婚/单身和为老年人。选择政府网站的人更可能是女性，教育程度高且丧偶/离婚/单身，不太可能独居、丧偶/离婚/单身和为老年人（尤其是老年女性）。
结论 ICT设备用户在自然灾害期间选择使用的信息工具存在性别和年龄差异。社会人口学因素与基于互联网的工具有关，且信息工具类型的使用情况有所不同。
