Author Affiliations: Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University (Drs Ghazal, Gormley and Merriman); and School of Nursing, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill (Dr Santacroce).
Cancer Nurs. 2021;44(6):E636-E651. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000000972.
A cancer diagnosis as an adolescent and young adult (AYA) poses exceptional challenges, including potential greater financial toxicity than older survivors experience who have had more time for career establishment and to build financial assets. Costs to patients have increased more than the past decade; prospects for AYA long-term survival have also increased. A better understanding of what financial toxicity is, how it presents, and the immediate and longer-term implications for AYAs is needed.
The aim of this study was to analyze the concept financial toxicity in AYAs diagnosed with cancer.
We used Rodgers' evolutionary method and articles published between January 2013 and December 2020.
We identified key antecedents, attributes, and consequences of financial toxicity in AYAs and review its related terms that have often been used as surrogate terms. Attributes were financial burden, financial distress, and competing financial pressures. Consequences were mostly adverse and persistent and included engaging in various financial problem-solving behaviors, material hardship and poor financial well-being, and deteriorated quality of life.
Results of this analysis clarify financial toxicity and provide guidance for a conceptual framework in the context of AYA cancer survivorship. Its consequences in AYAs with cancer are profound and will continue to evolve over time with changes in health systems and the economy.
Oncology nurses should understand the attributes and consequences of financial toxicity for AYAs throughout the cancer trajectory. Future research on financial toxicity should extend across AYAs living with other chronic illnesses and cancer survivors in other age groups.
青少年和年轻成人（AYA）被诊断出患有癌症会带来特殊的挑战，包括潜在的更大的财务毒性，比那些有更多时间建立职业和积累财务资产的老年幸存者更大。患者的成本在过去十年中增加了；AYA 的长期生存前景也有所提高。需要更好地了解财务毒性是什么，它是如何表现的，以及它对 AYA 的即时和长期影响。
本研究旨在分析诊断出患有癌症的 AYA 中财务毒性的概念。
我们使用了 Rodgers 的进化方法和 2013 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月期间发表的文章。
我们确定了 AYA 中财务毒性的关键前提、属性和后果，并回顾了其相关术语，这些术语经常被用作替代术语。属性是财务负担、财务困境和竞争财务压力。后果大多是不利和持久的，包括采取各种财务解决问题的行为、物质困难和较差的财务幸福感以及生活质量恶化。
该分析的结果澄清了财务毒性，并为 AYA 癌症生存背景下的概念框架提供了指导。患有癌症的 AYA 中财务毒性的后果是深远的，随着医疗体系和经济的变化，它将随着时间的推移而继续演变。
肿瘤护士应在癌症病程的各个阶段了解 AYA 财务毒性的属性和后果。未来关于财务毒性的研究应该扩展到患有其他慢性疾病的 AYA 和其他年龄组的癌症幸存者。
