Sport Sciences, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, 114 33 Stockholm, Sweden.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Oct 13;21(20):6790. doi: 10.3390/s21206790.
The purpose of this work was to describe the leg-muscle-generated push force characteristics in sprint kayak paddlers for females and males on water. Additionally, the relationship between leg pushing force characteristics and velocity was investigated. Twenty-eight paddlers participated in the study. The participants had five minutes of self-chosen warm-up and were asked to paddle at three different velocities, including maximal effort. Left- and right-side leg extension force were collected together with velocity. Linear regression analyses were performed with leg extension force characteristics as independent variables and velocity as the dependent variable. A second linear regression analysis investigated the effect of paddling velocity on different leg extension force characteristics with an explanatory model. The results showed that the leg pushing force elicits a sinus-like pattern, increasing and decreasing throughout the stroke cycle. Impulse over 10 s showed the highest correlation to maximum velocity (r = 0.827, < 0.01), while a strong co-correlation was observed between the impulse per stroke cycle and mean force (r = 0.910, < 0.01). The explanatory model results revealed that an increase in paddling velocity is, among other factors, driven by increased leg force. Maximal velocity could predict 68% of the paddlers' velocity within 1 km/h with peak leg force, impulse over 10 s, and stroke rate (-value < 0.001, adjusted R-squared = 0.8). Sprint kayak paddlers elicit a strong positive relationship between leg pushing forces and velocity. The results confirm that sprint kayakers' cyclic leg movement is a key part of the kayaking technique.
本研究旨在描述女子和男子在水上进行短距离皮划艇划桨时腿部肌肉产生的推动力特征，并探讨腿部推动力特征与速度之间的关系。共有 28 名划桨者参与了本研究。参与者有五分钟的自选热身时间，并被要求以三种不同的速度进行划桨，包括最大努力。同时收集左右腿伸展力和速度数据。以腿伸展力特征为自变量，速度为因变量进行线性回归分析。第二个线性回归分析以不同的腿伸展力特征为自变量，以划桨速度为因变量，探讨解释模型的影响。结果表明，腿部推动力呈现出正弦样的模式，在整个划桨周期中不断增加和减少。10 秒内的冲量与最大速度相关性最高(r = 0.827， < 0.01)，而每个划桨周期的冲量与平均力之间存在很强的共相关(r = 0.910， < 0.01)。解释模型的结果表明，划桨速度的增加除其他因素外，还受到腿部力量的推动。最大速度可以通过峰值腿部力量、10 秒内的冲量和划桨频率预测 68%的划桨者在 1 公里/小时内的速度(-值 < 0.001，调整后的 R 平方= 0.8)。短距离皮划艇划桨者的腿部推动力与速度之间存在很强的正相关关系。结果证实，短距离皮划艇运动员的腿部周期性运动是皮划艇技术的关键部分。
