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内源性污水污染亚热带水库中拉氏拟丽鱼和蓝藻毒素的永久性存在(巴西圣保罗伊图帕兰加水库)。

Permanent occurrence of Raphidiopsis raciborskii and cyanotoxins in a subtropical reservoir polluted by domestic effluents (Itupararanga reservoir, São Paulo, Brazil).

机构信息

ICT, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), Sorocaba Campus, Sorocaba, Brazil.

Laboratory of Toxin and Algae Natural Products, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

出版信息

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Mar;29(13):18653-18664. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16994-6. Epub 2021 Oct 25.

Abstract

Toxic cyanobacteria blooms are a frequent problem in subtropical reservoirs and freshwater systems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of potentially toxic cyanobacteria and the environmental conditions associated with the presence of cyanotoxins in a Brazilian subtropical reservoir. Five collections were carried out at seven sampling locations in the reservoir, during the rainy and dry seasons, between the years 2016 and 2017. There was permanent occurrence of Raphidiopsis raciborskii (Woloszynska) Aguilera, Berrendero Gómez, Kastovsky, Echenique & Salerno (Phycologia 57(2):130-146, 2018), ranging between dominant and abundant, with an average biomass of 38.8 ± 29.9 mg L. Also abundant were Dolichospermum solitarium, D. planctonicum, Planktothrix isothrix, and Aphanizomenon gracile. Saxitoxin (STX) was detected in all the collected samples (0.11 ± 0.05 µg L). Microcystin (MC) was also detected, but at lower concentrations (0.01 ± 0.0 µg L). Low availability of NO and phosphorus limitation had significant effects on the R. raciborskii biomass and the levels of STX and MC. It was observed that R. raciborskii was sensitive to thermal stratification, at the same time that STX levels were higher. This suggested that STX was produced under conditions that restricted the growth of R. raciborskii. These are important findings, because they add information about the permanent occurrence of STX and R. raciborskii in an aquatic ecosystem limited by phosphorus, vulnerable to climatic variations, and polluted by domestic effluents.

摘要

有毒蓝藻水华是亚热带水库和淡水系统中经常出现的问题。本研究旨在调查巴西亚热带水库中潜在有毒蓝藻的发生情况以及与蓝藻毒素存在相关的环境条件。在 2016 年至 2017 年间,在雨季和旱季,于水库的 7 个采样点进行了 5 次采集。Raphidiopsis raciborskii(Woloszynska)Aguilera、Berrendero Gómez、Kastovsky、Echenique 和 Salerno(Phycologia 57(2):130-146, 2018)一直存在,其丰度范围为优势种到常见种,平均生物量为 38.8±29.9mg/L。此外,Dolichospermum solitarium、D. planctonicum、Planktothrix isothrix 和 Aphanizomenon gracile 也很丰富。在所有采集的样本中均检测到了石房蛤毒素(STX)(0.11±0.05μg/L)。也检测到了微囊藻毒素(MC),但浓度较低(0.01±0.0μg/L)。低的 NO 可用性和磷限制对 R. raciborskii 的生物量以及 STX 和 MC 的水平有显著影响。观察到 R. raciborskii 对热分层敏感,同时 STX 水平较高。这表明 STX 是在限制 R. raciborskii 生长的条件下产生的。这些都是重要的发现,因为它们提供了有关 STX 和 R. raciborskii 在受磷限制、易受气候变化影响且受生活污水污染的水生生态系统中持续存在的信息。

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