Gaitanis Georgios, Bassukas Ioannis D
Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
Delc Clinique, 2502 Biel/Bienne, Switzerland.
Diseases. 2021 Oct 14;9(4):71. doi: 10.3390/diseases9040071.
Immunocryosurgery is a minimally invasive combinational therapeutic procedure that has been designed, developed, and evaluated in the Dermatology Department of the University of Ioannina from 2004. In a fixed time protocol, this approach combines immune stimulatory therapy with imiquimod and cryosurgery, i.e., cryosurgery is applied during continuous imiquimod treatment. Laboratory findings in tissue and blood level credit the efficacy to the synergy of imiquimod and cryosurgery. The synergy has been established through clinical trials and the excellent feasibility and efficacy demonstrated in clinical practice. Immunocryosurgery has extensive proof of excellent efficacy, comparable to surgery, in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma. It has also been evaluated in cases of Bowen's disease, keratoacanthoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, , and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with or without the addition of adjuvants. The aims of this review are to detail the immunocryosurgery protocol with the addition of daily practice clinical tips, compile data on the mechanism of action of immunocryosurgery, and delineate indications and possible future applications. Most of the available data originate from the treatment of BCC, of all histological types and localizations, and the principles reported mainly reflect on evidence related to the treatment of this common skin cancer.
免疫冷冻手术是一种微创联合治疗方法，自2004年起在约阿尼纳大学皮肤科设计、开发并进行评估。在固定的时间方案中，该方法将咪喹莫特免疫刺激疗法与冷冻手术相结合，即在持续使用咪喹莫特治疗期间进行冷冻手术。组织和血液水平的实验室研究结果证实了咪喹莫特与冷冻手术协同作用的疗效。这种协同作用已通过临床试验得到证实，并在临床实践中表现出极佳的可行性和疗效。免疫冷冻手术在治疗基底细胞癌方面有广泛的卓越疗效证据，与手术相当。它也已在 Bowen 病、角化棘皮瘤、默克尔细胞癌以及有或无辅助剂添加的皮肤鳞状细胞癌病例中进行了评估。本综述的目的是详细介绍免疫冷冻手术方案并附上日常临床小贴士，汇总免疫冷冻手术作用机制的数据，并描述其适应症和可能的未来应用。大多数现有数据来自所有组织学类型和部位的基底细胞癌治疗，所报告的原则主要反映与这种常见皮肤癌治疗相关的证据。
