Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
J Mater Chem B. 2021 Nov 17;9(44):9213-9220. doi: 10.1039/d1tb01561c.
Carbon monoxide (CO) can cause mitochondrial dysfunction, inducing apoptosis of cancer cells, which sheds light on a potential alternative for cancer treatment. However, the existing CO-based compounds are inherently limited by their chemical nature, such as high biological toxicity and uncontrolled CO release. Therefore, a nanoplatform - UmPF - that addresses such pain points is urgently in demand. In this study, we have proposed a nanoplatform irradiated by near-infrared (NIR) light to release CO. Iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO)) was loaded in the mesoporous polydopamine layer that was coated on rare-earth upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs). The absorption wavelength of Fe(CO) overlaps with the emission bands of the UCNPs in the UV-visible light range, and therefore the emissions from the UCNPs can be used to incite Fe(CO) to control the release of CO. Besides, the catechol groups, which are abundant in the polydopamine structure, serve as an ideal locating spot to chelate with Fe(CO); in the meantime, the mesoporous structure of the polydopamine layer improves the loading efficiency of Fe(CO) and reduces its biological toxicity. The photothermal effect (PTT) of the polydopamine layer is highly controllable by adjusting the external laser intensity, irradiation time and the thickness of the polydopamine layer. The results illustrate that the combination of CO gas therapy (GT) and polydopamine PTT brought by the final nanoplatform can be synergistic in killing cancer cells . More importantly, the possible toxic side effects can be effectively prevented from affecting the organism, since CO will not be released in this system without near-infrared light radiation.
一氧化碳（CO）可导致线粒体功能障碍，诱导癌细胞凋亡，这为癌症治疗提供了一种潜在的替代方法。然而，现有的 CO 基化合物由于其化学性质，如高生物毒性和 CO 释放不可控，存在固有局限性。因此，迫切需要一种能够解决这些痛点的纳米平台——UmPF。在本研究中，我们提出了一种近红外（NIR）光辐照下释放 CO 的纳米平台。铁五羰基（Fe（CO））被负载在介孔聚多巴胺层中，该层涂覆在稀土上转换纳米颗粒（UCNPs）上。Fe（CO）的吸收波长与 UCNPs 在紫外可见光范围内的发射带重叠，因此 UCNPs 的发射可以用来激发 Fe（CO）以控制 CO 的释放。此外，多巴胺结构中丰富的儿茶酚基团是与 Fe（CO）螯合的理想位置；同时，聚多巴胺层的介孔结构提高了 Fe（CO）的装载效率，降低了其生物毒性。通过调整外部激光强度、辐照时间和聚多巴胺层的厚度，可以高度控制聚多巴胺层的光热效应（PTT）。结果表明，最终纳米平台结合 CO 气体治疗（GT）和聚多巴胺 PTT 可以协同杀伤癌细胞。更重要的是，由于在该系统中没有近红外光辐射，CO 不会被释放，因此可以有效地防止可能的毒副作用影响机体。
