Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S Wood Street, CSB suite 1114, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2021 Dec;78(23):7693-7707. doi: 10.1007/s00018-021-03978-5. Epub 2021 Oct 27.
Recent studies have shown the significance of metabolic reprogramming in immune and stromal cell function. Yet, the metabolic reconfiguration of RA macrophages (MΦs) is incompletely understood during active disease and in crosstalk with other cell types in experimental arthritis. This study elucidates a distinct regulation of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in RA MΦs compared to fibroblast (FLS), although PPP (Pentose Phosphate pathway) is similarly reconfigured in both cell types. 2-DG treatment showed a more robust impact on impairing the RA M1 MΦ-mediated inflammatory phenotype than IACS-010759 (IACS, complexli), by reversing ERK, AKT and STAT1 signaling, IRF8/3 transcription and CCL2 or CCL5 secretion. This broader inhibitory effect of 2-DG therapy on RA M1 MΦs was linked to dysregulation of glycolysis (GLUT1, PFKFB3, LDHA, lactate) and oxidative PPP (NADP conversion to NADPH), while both compounds were ineffective on oxidative phosphorylation. Distinctly, in RA FLS, 2-DG and IACS therapies constrained LPS/IFNγ-induced AKT and JNK signaling, IRF5/7 and fibrokine expression. Disruption of RA FLS metabolic rewiring by 2-DG or IACS therapy was accompanied by a reduction of glycolysis (HIF1α, PFKFB3) and suppression of citrate or succinate buildup. We found that 2-DG therapy mitigated CIA pathology by intercepting joint F480iNOSMΦ, Vimentin fibroblast and CD3T cell trafficking along with downregulation of IRFs and glycolytic intermediates. Surprisingly, IACS treatment was inconsequential on CIA swelling, cell infiltration, M1 and Th1/Th17 cytokines (IFN-γ/IL-17) and joint glycolytic mediators. Collectively, our results indicate that blockade of glycolysis is more effective than inhibition of complex 1 in CIA, in part due to its effectiveness on the MΦ inflammatory phenotype.
最近的研究表明,代谢重编程在免疫和基质细胞功能中具有重要意义。然而,在活性疾病期间,以及在实验性关节炎中与其他细胞类型的相互作用中,RA 巨噬细胞(MΦ)的代谢重配置仍不完全清楚。与成纤维细胞(FLS)相比,这项研究阐明了 RA MΦ 中糖酵解和氧化磷酸化的明显调节,尽管 PPP(戊糖磷酸途径)在这两种细胞类型中也被重新配置。与 IACS-010759(IACS,复合物)相比,2-DG 治疗对 RA M1 MΦ 介导的炎症表型的损伤具有更强的影响,通过逆转 ERK、AKT 和 STAT1 信号转导、IRF8/3 转录和 CCL2 或 CCL5 分泌。2-DG 治疗对 RA M1 MΦ 的这种更广泛的抑制作用与糖酵解(GLUT1、PFKFB3、LDHA、乳酸)和氧化 PPP(NADP 转化为 NADPH)的失调有关,而这两种化合物对氧化磷酸化均无效。显然,在 RA FLS 中,2-DG 和 IACS 治疗限制了 LPS/IFNγ 诱导的 AKT 和 JNK 信号转导、IRF5/7 和纤维原细胞因子的表达。2-DG 或 IACS 治疗破坏 RA FLS 代谢重编程伴随着糖酵解(HIF1α、PFKFB3)的减少和柠檬酸或琥珀酸积累的抑制。我们发现,2-DG 治疗通过拦截关节 F480iNOSMΦ、波形蛋白成纤维细胞和 CD3T 细胞的迁移,以及下调 IRFs 和糖酵解中间产物,减轻 CIA 病理。令人惊讶的是,IACS 治疗对 CIA 肿胀、细胞浸润、M1 和 Th1/Th17 细胞因子(IFN-γ/IL-17)和关节糖酵解介质没有影响。总的来说,我们的结果表明,在 CIA 中,糖酵解的阻断比抑制复合物 1 更有效,部分原因是它对 MΦ 炎症表型的有效性。