Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Prev Med. 2021 Dec;153:106862. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106862. Epub 2021 Oct 26.
Our aim was to assess the association between changes in active travel to school and changes in different intensities of physical activity (i.e. moderate - MPA and vigorous - VPA) and time spent sedentary (SED) among adolescents and assess the moderating effect of children's sex, age and weight status. Data from six cohort studies in the International Children's Accelerometry Database were used (4108 adolescents aged 10-13y at baseline, with 1.9±0.7y of follow-up). Participants self-reported travel mode to school at baseline and follow-up. Mutually exclusive categories of change were created using passive (e.g. by car) or active (cycling or walking) forms of transport (active/active, passive/active, active/passive, passive/passive). Multilevel linear regression analyses assessed associations with change in accelerometer-assessed time spent MPA, VPA and SED, adjusting for potential confounders. The moderation of sex, age and weight status was tested though the inclusion of interaction terms in the regression models. Relative to those remaining in active travel (active/active), participants classified as passive/active increased VPA (B: 2.23 min/d; 95%CI: 0.97-3.48), while active/passive (MPA: -5.38min/d; -6.77 to -3.98; VPA: -2.92min/d; -4.06 to -1.78) and passive/passive (MPA: -4.53min/d; -5.55 to -3.50; VPA: -2.84min/d; -3.68 to -2.01) decreased MPA and VPA. There were no associations with SED. An interaction was observed, age group moderated the association with change in VPA: among 12-13y-olds a greater increase in VPA was observed for the passive/active group compared to active/active. Promoting active travel to school can be a strategy to attenuate the decline in physical activity through adolescence.
我们的目的是评估青少年上下学主动交通方式的变化与不同强度的身体活动（即中高强度活动和剧烈强度活动）和久坐时间变化之间的关联，并评估儿童性别、年龄和体重状况的调节作用。本研究数据来自国际儿童加速计数据库的六项队列研究（4108 名 10-13 岁青少年，随访 1.9±0.7 年）。参与者在基线和随访时自我报告上学的交通方式。使用被动（如汽车）或主动（骑自行车或步行）交通方式创建互斥的变化类别（主动/主动、被动/主动、主动/被动、被动/被动）。多水平线性回归分析调整潜在混杂因素后，评估与加速度计评估的中高强度活动、剧烈强度活动和久坐时间变化的关联。通过在回归模型中纳入交互项来测试性别的调节作用、年龄和体重状况的调节作用。与保持主动交通方式（主动/主动）的参与者相比，被归类为被动/主动的参与者增加了剧烈强度活动（B：2.23 分钟/天；95%CI：0.97-3.48），而主动/被动（中高强度活动：-5.38 分钟/天；-6.77 至-3.98；剧烈强度活动：-2.92 分钟/天；-4.06 至-1.78）和被动/被动（中高强度活动：-4.53 分钟/天；-5.55 至-3.50；剧烈强度活动：-2.84 分钟/天；-3.68 至-2.01）的中高强度活动和剧烈强度活动减少。与久坐时间没有关联。观察到交互作用，年龄组调节了与剧烈强度活动变化的关联：在 12-13 岁的儿童中，与主动/主动组相比，被动/主动组的剧烈强度活动增加幅度更大。促进上下学主动交通方式可能是通过青春期减少身体活动下降的一种策略。
