School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, PR China.
Xinjiang Tarim Oilfield Construction Engineering Co., Ltd., PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla, 841000, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2022 Feb;288(Pt 3):132656. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132656. Epub 2021 Oct 25.
Removing emulsified water from a water-in-crude oil (W/O) emulsion is critically required prior to downstream processing in the petroleum industry. In this work, environmentally friendly and amphipathic rice husk carbon (RHC) demulsifier was prepared by a simple carbonization process in a muffle furnace using rice husks as starting materials. RHC was characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, ultraviolet-visible spectrometer, powder X-ray diffraction, zeta potential and synchronal thermal analyzer. The factors such as dosage, temperature, settling time, pH value and salinity were systematically investigated. The results indicated that the dehydration efficiency (DE) reached as high as 96.99% with 600 mg/L of RHC for 80 min at 70 °C. RHC exhibited an optimal DE under neutral condition, but it was also effective under acidic and alkaline conditions. Also, it had an excellent salt tolerance. The possible demulsification mechanism was explored by interfacial properties, different treatment methods for RHC and microexamination. The demulsification of RHC is attributed to its high interfacial activity, oxygen-containing groups and content of silica. It indicates that RHC is an effective demulsifier for the treatment of the W/O emulsion.
在石油工业的下游加工之前，从油水（W/O）乳液中去除乳化水是至关重要的。在这项工作中，以稻壳为原料，通过马弗炉中的简单碳化过程制备了环保且具有两亲性的稻壳碳（RHC）破乳剂。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、能量色散光谱仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、紫外可见分光光度计、粉末 X 射线衍射仪、Zeta 电位和同步热分析仪对 RHC 进行了表征。系统研究了用量、温度、沉降时间、pH 值和盐度等因素。结果表明，在 70°C 下，用 600mg/L 的 RHC 处理 80min，脱水效率（DE）高达 96.99%。RHC 在中性条件下表现出最佳的 DE，但在酸性和碱性条件下也有效。此外，它还具有出色的耐盐性。通过界面性能、RHC 的不同处理方法和微观检查探讨了可能的破乳机制。RHC 的破乳归因于其高界面活性、含氧基团和二氧化硅含量。这表明 RHC 是处理 W/O 乳液的有效破乳剂。
