Forensic Sciences Department, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kütahya University of Health Sciences, Kütahya, Turkey.
Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
J Forensic Sci. 2022 Mar;67(2):524-533. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.14926. Epub 2021 Oct 29.
Although there have been significant advances in fingerprinting techniques, studies on how these techniques affect other criminal evidence are limited. Synthetic cannabinoids (SC), which are illegal substances frequently encountered in crime scenes and are widely used worldwide, are available in various forms in the market (pill, powder, liquid, and herbal product). These synthetic cannabinoid substances have recently been introduced to places such as prisons and rehabilitation centers, primarily via an infused piece of paper. The first seizure of the paper-impregnated form of AB-PINACA and AB-FUBINACA in Turkey was observed in 2014. This study investigates the effects of fingerprint development methods on the concentrations of these SCs impregnated on paper. Therefore, eccrine and sebaceous fingerprints of volunteers were imprinted on the papers before and after they were impregnated with AB-PINACA and AB-FUBINACA. Six different fingerprint development methods were applied. Fingerprint development methods were later checked in 384 fingerprints. AB-PINACA and AB-FUBINACA infused on papers were extracted by the liquid-extraction method, and concentrations were analyzed via LC-MS/MS. After applying Thermanin, 1,2-indandione, iodine vapor, DFO, and 5-MTN fingerprint development methods, the concentration levels of AB-FUBINACA were 26.25, 19.60, 21.43, 17.76, and 17.77 ng/cm , while the concentration levels of AB-PINACA were 1.1, 0.98, 1.31, 1.28, and 1.22 ng/cm , respectively. Finally, although the best fingerprint visualization was obtained on papers that were applied the Ninhydrin method, the method failed to detect SCs on papers.
尽管指纹识别技术取得了重大进展，但关于这些技术如何影响其他犯罪证据的研究还很有限。合成大麻素（SC）是犯罪现场经常遇到的非法物质，在全球范围内广泛使用，其形式多样，包括药丸、粉末、液体和草药制品。这些合成大麻素物质最近被引入监狱和康复中心等场所，主要是通过浸渍在纸张上的一块纸。2014 年，土耳其首次发现了浸渍在纸张上的 AB-PINACA 和 AB-FUBINACA 的形式。本研究调查了指纹发展方法对浸渍在纸张上的这些 SC 浓度的影响。因此，志愿者的汗指纹和皮脂指纹在浸渍 AB-PINACA 和 AB-FUBINACA 之前和之后都被印在纸张上。应用了六种不同的指纹发展方法。随后在 384 个指纹中检查了指纹发展方法。通过液-质联用法提取浸渍在纸张上的 AB-PINACA 和 AB-FUBINACA，并用 LC-MS/MS 分析浓度。应用 Thermanin、1,2-茚二酮、碘蒸气、DFO 和 5-MTN 指纹发展方法后，AB-FUBINACA 的浓度水平分别为 26.25、19.60、21.43、17.76 和 17.77 ng/cm，而 AB-PINACA 的浓度水平分别为 1.1、0.98、1.31、1.28 和 1.22 ng/cm。最后，尽管在应用茚三酮方法的纸张上获得了最佳的指纹可视化效果，但该方法未能检测到纸张上的 SC。
