Wilhelm April K, Pratt Rebekah J, Allen Michele L
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Health Educ Behav. 2022 Apr;49(2):304-312. doi: 10.1177/10901981211052892. Epub 2021 Oct 29.
Somali American adolescent tobacco use has increased over the past decade amid a high prevalence of tobacco use among Somali American adults. While established adolescent tobacco use determinants may apply for Somali youth, a deeper understanding of these influences is imperative to the development of effective prevention strategies for this population. This study aimed to identify risk and protective factors influencing Somali American adolescent tobacco use decision making and potential family and community roles in tobacco prevention.
We conducted 15 semistructured, in-depth interviews with 12 Somali and 3 non-Somali professionals serving Minnesotan metropolitan Somali communities in clinical, educational, religious, and other community organizations. Grounded Theory informed our data collection and analysis.
Key informants cited three major influences on Somali adolescent tobacco use: evolving norms and increasing exposure to tobacco products in the United States, low risks perception, especially for waterpipes, and conflicting interpretations of faith. Informants highlighted the important roles of families in Somali youth tobacco prevention while acknowledging areas where families would benefit from greater support. Proposed sources of support included faith communities and nonparental, ethnically similar adult mentors. Informants acknowledged challenges to addressing youth tobacco prevention in clinics and underscored the importance of youth involvement in developing prevention strategies.
Our results indicate Somali adolescent tobacco prevention efforts should address the evolving tobacco use exposures and norms, low risk perceptions, and clarify faith messaging. Effective strategies may include strengthening family-based tobacco prevention approaches that also engage faith and other community leaders along with youth themselves.
在过去十年中，索马里裔美国青少年吸烟率有所上升，同时索马里裔美国成年人吸烟率也居高不下。虽然已确定的青少年吸烟决定因素可能适用于索马里青年，但深入了解这些影响因素对于为该人群制定有效的预防策略至关重要。本研究旨在确定影响索马里裔美国青少年吸烟决策的风险和保护因素，以及家庭和社区在烟草预防中的潜在作用。
我们对12名索马里人和3名非索马里专业人士进行了15次半结构化深度访谈，这些专业人士在临床、教育、宗教和其他社区组织中为明尼苏达州大都市的索马里社区提供服务。扎根理论为我们的数据收集和分析提供了指导。
关键信息提供者列举了对索马里青少年吸烟的三大影响因素：美国不断变化的规范和烟草产品接触增加、低风险认知，尤其是对水烟的低风险认知，以及对宗教信仰的相互矛盾的解读。信息提供者强调了家庭在索马里青年烟草预防中的重要作用，同时也承认家庭在哪些方面需要更多支持。提议的支持来源包括宗教社区和非父母的、种族背景相似的成年导师。信息提供者承认在诊所解决青少年烟草预防问题存在挑战，并强调了青少年参与制定预防策略的重要性。
我们的结果表明，索马里青少年烟草预防工作应应对不断变化的烟草使用接触和规范、低风险认知，并澄清宗教信息。有效的策略可能包括加强以家庭为基础的烟草预防方法，同时让宗教和其他社区领袖以及青少年自身参与进来。
