Bertelli Sara
Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (UEL), Fundación Miguel Lillo - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Miguel Lillo 251, San Miguel de Tucumán, 4000, Argentina.
Cladistics. 2017 Aug;33(4):351-374. doi: 10.1111/cla.12172. Epub 2016 Aug 25.
Tinamous are volant terrestrial birds, endemic to the Neotropics. Here, an inclusive phenotype-based phylogenetic study of the interrelationships among all extinct and living species of tinamous is conducted. In this cladistic analysis, results are compared between main character subsets and with previous molecular studies. Special attention is paid to character definition and scoring of integumentary and behavioural characters: transformation costs are applied to analyse egg coloration and plumage characters-on the basis of pigment composition and overlap of pigmentation patterns respectively-in the context of generalized (Sankoff) parsimony. Cladistic analysis recovers the traditional subdivision between those tinamous specialized for open areas (Nothurinae) and those inhabiting forested environments (Tinaminae) and support the monophyly of recognized genera. The present study demonstrates that morphological analysis yields highly congruent results when compared with previous molecular studies; thus, it provides morphological synapomorphies for clades that have been proposed by these molecular analyses. The placement of the fossil species within the open-area (Nothurinae) and the forest-dwelling (Tinaminae) tinamous is also consistent with the palaeoenvironmental conditions inferred from the associated flora and fauna.
䳍是会飞的陆栖鸟类，为新热带界特有。在此，我们对所有已灭绝和现存的䳍物种之间的相互关系进行了一项基于包容性表型的系统发育研究。在这项分支系统学分析中，我们将主要性状子集的结果与之前的分子研究结果进行了比较。特别关注了体表和行为性状的性状定义和评分：在广义（桑科夫）简约法的背景下，分别基于色素组成和色素沉着模式的重叠，应用转换成本来分析卵色和羽毛性状。分支系统学分析恢复了䳍在传统上的分类，即分为适应开阔区域的䳍（秧䳍亚科）和栖息于森林环境的䳍（䳍亚科），并支持公认属的单系性。本研究表明，与之前的分子研究相比，形态学分析产生了高度一致的结果；因此，它为这些分子分析所提出的类群提供了形态学共衍征。化石物种在适应开阔区域（秧䳍亚科）和栖息于森林（䳍亚科）的䳍中的位置，也与从相关动植物群推断出的古环境条件一致。
